摘要
高原鼠兔和高原鼢鼠是青藏高原的两种优势小型哺乳动物,其肠道微生物在宿主高原适应性方面发挥着重要作用,同时,作为野生动物,它们的肠道微生物也可能携带抗生素抗性基因并将其传播给人类,造成抗生素药物失效。因此,对这两个物种肠道微生物组和抗生素抗性基因的研究十分重要。本研究通过16S rRNA基因测序,定量PCR等技术获得两物种肠道菌群特征并检测到了抗生素抗性基因。结果发现,在门水平上,高原鼢鼠肠道拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的相对丰度更高;而高原鼠兔肠道厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)的相对丰度更高,在属水平上,高原鼢鼠的拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)和S24-7科中某属的相对丰度更高,而高原鼠兔的普雷沃氏菌(Prevotella)、颤螺菌属(Oscillospira)、YRC22和瘤球菌科(Ruminococcaceae)中某属的相对丰度更高。这些微生物大多与植物多糖分解有关。另外,高原鼠兔肠道微生物的α多样性高于高原鼢鼠,两物种间肠道菌群结构差异度大,这可能是由物种及膳食结构的差异共同决定的。两物种体内均能检测出抗生素抗性基因,本次研究共检测到3类抗生素抗性基因,分别是四环素类抗性基因tetQ,tetM-01和tetG-01;磺胺类抗性基因sul1和sul2;以及多重耐药基因floR,其中某些抗生素抗性基因与部分菌群具有相关关系。这些结果表明野生动物体内也存在抗生素抗性基因的蓄积,这些抗生素抗性基因可能传播给人类,对人类的健康产生危害,但可以通过调节野生动物肠道菌群来降低抗生素抗性基因的蓄积与传播。
Plateau pikas(Ochotona curzoniae)and plateau zokors(Eospalax baileyi)are two dominant small mammals on the Tibetan Plateau.Their gut microbes play an important role in plateau adaptability.In addition,their gut microbes can carry and spread antibiotic resistance genes to human.Ultimately,these antibiotic resistance genes may lead to obsolescence of antibiotic drugs.Thus,it is vital to study the antibiotic resistance genes in these two species.We studied the characteristics of gut microbes and antibiotic resistance genes using 16SrRNA gene sequencing and qPCR.At the phylum level,Bacteroidetes were more abundant in plateau zokors,yet Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were more abundant in plateau pikas.At genus level,relative abundances of Bacteroides and S24-7(UG)in plateau zokors were higher but Prevotella,Oscillospira,YRC 22 and Ruminococcaceae(UG)were more abundant in plateau pikas.Most of these gut microbes have the ability to digest polysaccharides.Composition and diversity of gut microbes differed between plateau pikas and plateau zokors.Compared with plateau zokors,alpha diversity among microbes of plateau pikas was higher.The difference of microbe community structures between the two species might be caused by different diet and species.Antibiotic resistance genes were recorded for both species.Three kinds of antibiotic resistance genes were detected including Tetracycline-resistant genes containing tetQ,tetM-01 and tetG-01,sulfonamide-resistant genes containing sul1 and sul2,and a multidrug-resistant gene containing floR.Some antibiotic-resistant genes were related to some gut microbes.These results showed that antibiotic-resistant genes appear and accumulate in wildlife and might spread to human beings,potentially causing harm to human health.We might be able to prohibit the accumulation and transmission of antibiotic resistance genes via regulating gut microbes of wildlife.
作者
冯天舒
俞巧玲
周蕊
王逸洁
苏军虎
李欢
FENG Tianshu;YU Qiaoling;ZHOU Rui;WANG Yijie;SU Junhu;LI Huan(Public Health School of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,730000,China;Pratacultural College of Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,730070,China;Center for Grassland Microbiome of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,730000,China)
出处
《野生动物学报》
北大核心
2020年第4期897-911,共15页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE
关键词
高原鼠兔
高原鼢鼠
肠道微生物
抗生素抗性基因
人类健康
Plateau pika
Plateau zokor
Gut microbiota
Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)
Human health
