摘要
性别鉴定对鸟类种群动态、群落结构、栖息地利用以及行为研究都具有重要作用。除了自然选择与性选择,亲缘关系被认为与是否存在性二态有关。白头鹎(Pycnonotus sinensis)与领雀嘴鹎(Spizixos semitorques)隶属于鹎科(Pycnonotidae)不同属,是探讨亲缘关系与性二态差异之间相关性的适宜对象,二者在野外都难以从形态区分性别。本研究以分子为基础,对比同域分布的白头鹎和领雀嘴鹎雌雄个体间在形态上是否存在显著差异。结果表明白头鹎指名亚种在枕部白色斑块面积和尾羽具明显的性二态,翅长差异接近显著水平,这些指标均雄性大于雌性,推测雌雄性二态可能受性选择的影响。单变量中以枕部白色斑块面积构建的判别函数判别率最高(70.6%),多变量中以枕部白色斑块面积、尾长与翅长构建的判别函数判别率最高(82.4%)。因此枕部白色斑块面积与尾长可用于白头鹎性别鉴定的依据,领雀嘴鹎未发现形态上具明显的性二态。两种鹎在性二态的差异,可能与亲缘关系相对较远以及越冬集群数量不同有关。
Sex determination is essential for the study of population dynamics,community structure,habitat utilization,and behavior of birds.Besides natural and sexual selection,phylogenetic relationships are also considered to be correlated with sexual size dimorphism(SSD).Two commonly distributed species of Pycnonotidae in southern China,light-vented bulbul(Pycnonotus sinensis)and collared finchbill(Spizixos semitorques),are excellent models to investigate the correlation between phylogenetic relationship and SSD,and both are difficult to sex based on morphology as seen in the field.We used molecular identification to confirm whether morphological sex determination of the two bird species was practicable based on visible external morphological differences between males and females.The results showed that tail length and area size of the white patch on nape feathers showed obvious SSD in light-vented bulbul(nominate subspecies),and the difference of wing length was marginally significant.All three parameters of males were larger than females,suggesting that SSD could be influenced by sexual selection.The discriminate function constructed by area size of the white nape patch yielded the highest accuracy(70.6%)for a single parameter.For multivariate analysis,the discriminate function constructed by area size of white nape patch,tail length,and wing length yielded greatest accuracy(82.4%).The area of white nape patch and tail length of light-vented bulbul could be considered as the basis for identifying sex.We identified no morphological character of collared finchbill that showed SSD.Differences in SSD of these two bulbuls may be caused by their relatively distant phylogenetic relationship and the different sizes of their wintering populations.
作者
曾煜
李贺
逯金瑶
向晨旭
李翔
付昌健
李立
邢晓莹
ZENG Yu;LI He;LU Jinyao;XIANG Chenxu;LI Xiang;FU Changjian;LI Li;XING Xiaoying(College of Wildlife and Protected Area,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040,China;College of Chemistry and Materials Science,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang,050024,China;Hunan Wildlife Conservation Center,Changsha,410116,China)
出处
《野生动物学报》
北大核心
2020年第4期975-984,共10页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31501867,31770454)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2572019BE05)
东北林业大学大学生创新训练项目(201910225247)资助。
关键词
白头鹎
头部白色斑块
性二态
性选择
Pycnonotus sinensis
White patch on nape feather
Sexual size dimorphism(SSD)
Sexual selection
