摘要
以提升固体推进剂能量和力学特性为目标,综述了近五年来聚合物含能化改性研究进展。一方面围绕已有高分子骨架开展含能衍生化修饰,完成叠氮基、硝基、硝酸酯、硝胺基等含能基团的引入,另一方面利用环氧烷烃开环及1,3-偶极环加成等反应实现新型含能聚合物合成。对此类含能聚合物的制备为改善现有聚合物的性能以及提高应用效果进行了有益的探索,实现了高能量密度水平、高生成焓、钝感、低特征信号以及良好稳定性等优点,同时为新型含能聚合物的设计制备及应用研究奠定了良好的基础。附文献75篇。
This article focused on the improvement of the energy-levels and mechanical properties of solid propellants,and the research progress of energetic modifications of polymers during the past five years were reviewed.On the one hand,the energetic modifications of the existing polymer skeletons were summarized based on which the azide,nitro,nitrate and nitroamine energetic groups were introduced.On the other hand,new energetic polymerizations can be prepared by using oxygen ring opening and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions.The preparations of these energetic polymers provide beneficial explorations for the improvement of the performances and the applications of existing polymers,achieving the advantages of high energy density,high enthalpy of formation,insensitivity,low characteristic signal,and good stability.These studies have laid a good foundation for the design,preparation and application research of new energetic polymers.With 75 references.
作者
徐若千
张俊林
唐晓飞
张瑶
朱军臣
XU Ruo-qian;ZHANG Jun-lin;TANG Xiao-fei;ZHANG Yao;ZHU Jun-chen(Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi′an 710065, China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi′an 710129, China)
出处
《火炸药学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期465-476,I0001,共13页
Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants
基金
国家自然科学基金(No.21805223)。
关键词
有机化学
高分子
含能聚合物
力学特性
固体推进剂
organic chemistry
macromolecule
energetic polymer
mechanical properties
solid propellants
