摘要
为了探究不同颜色覆膜对滴灌马铃薯土壤水热及其生长的影响,以‘荷兰十五’为试验马铃薯,于2019年3月—6月在山东省日照市中国农业大学特色马铃薯试验基地开展田间试验,试验设计三种覆膜处理:无膜(NM)处理、黑色薄膜(BM)处理、透明薄膜(TM)处理。研究了不同覆膜对当地滴灌马铃薯土壤温度、土壤水分、马铃薯各生育期长势、块茎分级、产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:覆膜可提高0~30 cm土层土壤温度,在马铃薯生育前期,TM处理下增温效应更为明显;覆膜较不覆膜处理对30 cm^50 cm土层具有更好的蓄水作用,高出不覆膜土壤平均含水率1.72%~10.3%;覆膜处理下均能提高株高和茎粗,但覆膜间差异性不显著;BM、TM处理下马铃薯产量为50868 kg/hm^2、50109 kg/hm^2,较NM增产了14.9%、13.2%;覆膜能提高马铃薯商品薯率和大薯率,BM处理下水分利用效率最高。
In order to investigate the effects of different color film mulching on soil moisture,soil temperature and potato(Netherlands 15)growth,field test was conducted from March to June 2019 in the Special Potato Experimental Station of China Agricultural University in Rizhao City,Shandong Province.Three film treatments were designed:no film(NM),black film(BM),and transparent film(TM).Soil temperature,soil moisture,potato tuber yield,tuber classification,and water use efficiency were measured.The result are as follows.Mulching can increase the soil temperature of 0~30 cm soil layer.In the early stage of potato growth,the effect of TM treatment on soil temperature was more significant.Mulching treatment had more water storage at 30 cm^50 cm soil layer than non-mulching treatment and soil water content was 1.72%~10.3%higher in the mulching treatment than non-mulching treatment.The plant height and stem diameter could be increased under mulching,but there was no significant difference between mulching treatments.The yields of TM and BM were 50868 kg/hm^2 and 50109 kg/hm^2,which was 14.9%and 13.2%greater than the NM,respectively.Mulching could improve the rate of commercial potato and big potato.BM treatment has the highest water use efficiency.
作者
孔伟程
冯绍元
王凤新
张友良
KONG Weicheng;FENG Shaoyuan;WANG Fengxin;ZHANG Youliang(College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China;Center for Agricultural Water Research in China,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《水利与建筑工程学报》
2020年第5期10-17,共8页
Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51809225)
中国博士后科学基金第65批面上项目(2019M651977)
江苏省自然科学基金青年基金项目(BK20180929)。
关键词
膜下滴灌
马铃薯
土壤水热
生长发育
产量
drip irrigation under film
potato
soil temperature and moisture
growth
yield
