摘要
旱地移栽机为了满足栽植株距的要求,常需要在保证速比不变的同时调节栽植频率和机具前进速度,否则栽植轨迹将发生改变,从而影响栽植质量,为此,提出一种八连杆栽植机构。在分析八连杆栽植机构工作原理的基础上,建立了八连杆栽植机构的运动学模型,分析了关键连杆长度对吊杯挂接点K y向位移、轨迹、速度、加速度的影响规律,以及对极位夹角、摇杆摆角的影响规律;建立Matlab GUI仿真优化界面,采用逐次逼近的方法,得到一组满足设计目标的杆件长度:l1为39 mm,l2为42 mm,l3为152.04 mm,l4为153.6 mm,l5为40 mm,l6为30 mm,l7为100 mm,l8为154 mm。采用人工制作的辣椒苗模型,以总合格率、优良率为评价指标,对优化得到的栽植机构进行栽植性能测试试验,结果表明,在2种前进速度和2种栽植频率下,栽植优良率达94%,总合格率达96%,且株距变异系数在3.25%左右,所设计的八连杆栽植机构具有良好的栽植性能,满足移栽作业要求。
It is often necessary to adjust the planting frequency and the speed of dryland trasplanters at the same time to meet the agronomic requirement of planting.An eight-linkage transplanter,consisted of crank-rocker mechanism,parallelogram amplification mechanism,swing slide mechanism and opening and closing mechanism,was designed to solve this problem.The mechanism of this eight-linkage transplanter was analyzed,and the motion model was also established.The influence of length on the verticle displacement,motion trail,velocity and acceleration of the mount point was researched.The influence of limit position angle and rocker swing angle were also researched.The optimized length of linkages were calculated by using Matlab GUI.And the finally length of linkages were l1=39 mm,l2=42 mm,l3=152.04 mm,l4=153.6 mm,l5=40 mm,l6=30 mm,l7=100 mm,l8=154 mm.According to the results of field experiments,the excellent rate of plant erectness could reach 94%,the total qualified rate could reach 96%,and the coefficient of variation of plant spacing could reach 3.25%by using the optimum length of levers.It could conclude that the eight-linkage planter had a good planting performance and could meet the agronomic requirements.
作者
尹文庆
刘海马
胡飞
颜华
郭栋
武亚楠
YIN Wenqing;LIU Haima;HU Fei;YAN Hua;GUO Dong;WU Ya nan(College of Engineering,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210031,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Intelligent Agricultural Equipment,Nanjing 210031,China;Modern Agricultural Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第10期51-60,共10页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0700800)。
关键词
移栽机
栽植机构
八连杆
多目标优化
transplanting machine
planting mechanism
eight-linkage
multi-objective optimization
