摘要
针对某款装载机在常用行驶工况特定车速下存在垂向和俯仰异常振动的问题,开展道路行驶振动测试实验。对实验所得各测点振动信号进行频谱分析和工作变形(ODS)分析,明确装载机在车速为20 km/h时存在频率约为2.4 Hz的整车垂向异常振动,在车速为28 km/h时存在频率约为1.7 Hz的整车俯仰和频率约为2.4 Hz的整车垂向耦合振动;通过装载机缓慢加速工况振动测试信号进行工作模态分析(OMA),识别得到装载机前四阶模态参数,并验证其有效性;根据获取的模态参数对各测试工况的振动响应进行模态参与分析,分析表明装载机异常振动是由整车前两阶模态被激发所致;根据异常振动频率特征进行振源分析,明确异常振动的激励来自因轮胎不均匀性产生的随车速变化的振动。根据对该装载机异常振动问题的分析与研究,从振源减振和路径上减振两个方面提出具有参考意义的优化方向,研究工作可以为非道路二轴车辆类似问题的解决提供有价值的参考。
The problem of jumping and pitching abnormal vibration of a loader at a specific speed under common driving conditions is studied.The test of driving vibration is carried out.Spectrum analysis and operational deflection shape(ODS)analysis are carried out for the vibration signals.It is confirmed that the abnormal jumping vibration of the whole vehicle occurs at the frequencies near 2.4 Hz and at 20 km/h speed of the loader,and the pitching and jumping coupling vibration of the vehicle with frequency of about 1.7Hz and about 2.4 Hz respectively occurs at 28 km/h speed of the loader.The operational modal analysis(OMA)is carried out based on the vibration test signal of the slowly accelerating working condition of the loader.The modal parameters of the first four orders of the loader are identified,and their validity are verified.According to the obtained modal parameters,the modal participation analysis of the vibration response of each test condition is carried out.The analysis shows that the abnormal vibration of the loader is caused by the excitation of the first two modes of the vehicle.According to the abnormal vibration frequency,the vibration source is analyzed.It is clear that the excitation of the abnormal vibration comes from the vibration caused by the inhomogeneity of the tires.According to the analysis of the abnormal vibration of the loader,the optimization direction is put forward from two aspects of vibration source damping and path damping.The research work has provided a valuable reference for the solution of similar problems of non-road biaxial vehicles.
作者
段传栋
朱碧华
黄林凯
韦海
邹乃威
DUAN Chuandong;ZHU Bihua;HUANG Linkai;WEI Hai;ZOU Naiwei(Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Global Research and Development Center,Liuzhou 545007,Guangxi,China;College of Mechanical Science and Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)
出处
《噪声与振动控制》
CSCD
2020年第5期113-118,共6页
Noise and Vibration Control
基金
广西柳工集团-华中科技大学院士工作站资助项目(0231100821)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51775241)。
