摘要
[背景]作为突发公共卫生事件,新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称:新冠肺炎)疫情给广大民众带来了一定影响。[目的]探究新冠肺炎疫情期间安徽省大学生的心理健康状况,并分析相关影响因素。[方法]于2020年2月,采用自尊量表(SES)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)以及症状自评量表(SCL-90),对安徽省两所本科院校的493名大学生进行问卷调查。使用两样本比较t检验和单因素方差分析对不同社会人口学特征大学生的心理健康得分差异进行分析。使用独立样本t检验分析研究对象的心理健康状况与常模的差异。使用Pearson相关分析探究心理健康、自尊、领悟社会支持之间的关系。以SCL-90总分为应变量,以自尊得分和领悟社会支持总分为自变量进行多元线性逐步回归分析,探讨疫情期间大学生心理健康的影响因素。[结果]回收有效问卷472份,有效回收率95.74%。SCL-90量表总分阳性人数为90例,阳性率为19.07%。阳性率最高的单因子为焦虑(34.75%),其次为人际关系敏感(24.36%)和强迫症状(23.73%);阳性率最低的为精神病性(13.77%)。被调查的大学生SCL-90得分为(139.13±31.59)分。独生子女大学生的SCL-90得分低于非独生子女大学生(t=-2.098,P<0.05)。与常模相比,本研究大学生的SCL-90量表总分及人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖和精神病性因子分较高(P<0.05)。大学生的自尊得分为(25.35±4.92)分,领悟社会支持得分为(60.28±12.98)分。SCL-90总分与自尊得分(r=-0.506,P<0.01)和领悟社会支持得分(r=-0.482,P<0.01)呈负相关。多元线性逐步回归分析显示,自尊(b=-2.590,P<0.001)与领悟社会支持(b=-0.903,P<0.001)能联合解释SCL-90总分变化的38.3%。[结论]新冠肺炎疫情期间,大学生的心理健康状况整体不良。合理的自尊和领悟社会支持水平有助于改善大学生的心理健康状况。
[Background]As a public health emergency,the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has brought a certain impact on the public.[Objective]This study explores the mental health status of college students in Anhui Province during the COVID-19 pandemic and analyzes possible influencing factors.[Methods]On February 2020,493 college students from two universities in Anhui Province completed the Self-Esteem Scale(SES),the Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS),and the Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90).Independent samples t test and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the differences of college students’mental health scores by different sociodemographic characteristics.Independent samples t test was also used to analyze the differences in mental health status between the participants and the norms.Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationships between mental health,self-esteem,and perceived social support.With the total score of SCL-90 as dependent variable and the scores of SES and PSSS as independent variables,a multiple linear stepwise regression analysis was established to explore the potential influencing factors of college students’mental health during the pandemic.[Results]Finally 472(95.74%)valid questionnaires were returned.Of them 90(19.07%)respondents were positive at the SCL-90 scale;the highest three dimensional positive rates were anxiety(34.75%),interpersonal sensitivity(24.36%),and obsessive-compulsive(23.73%),and the lowest rate was psychiatric disorders(13.77%).The overall SCL-90 score was 139.13±31.59,and the score of the college students who were the only child was lower than that of the college students who were not the only child(t=-2.098,P<0.05).Compared with the norms,the total score of SCL-90 and the dimensional scores of interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,phobic anxiety,and psychiatric disorders of the participants were higher(P<0.05).The students’self-esteem score was 25.35±4.92 and perceived social support score was 60.28±12.98.The total SCL-90 score was negatively correlated with the self-esteem score(r=-0.506,P<0.01)and the perceived social support score(r=-0.482,P<0.01).The multiple linear stepwise regression analysis results showed that self-esteem(b=-2.590,P<0.001)and perceived social support(b=-0.903,P<0.001)jointly explained 38.3%of the changes in total SCL-90 score.[Conclusion]During the COVID-19 pandemic,the overall mental health status of the college students is not good.Reasonable levels of self-esteem and perceived social support are helpful to improve their mental health.
作者
江瑞辰
李安民
JIANG Rui-chen;LI An-min(School of Psychology,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;School of Teacher Education,Anqing Normal University,Anqing,Anhui 246133,China)
出处
《环境与职业医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第9期867-871,共5页
Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine
关键词
大学生
新型冠状病毒肺炎
心理健康
自尊
领悟社会支持
college student
coronavirus disease 2019
mental health
self-esteem
perceived social support
