摘要
为研究玉米生育期真菌及其与真菌毒素的关系,本试验选择郑单958、青农11和宇玉268三个玉米品种,对授粉后0、12、23、35、45、55 d各发育期籽粒污染真菌进行分离与鉴定,并分析其与籽粒中呕吐毒素、黄曲霉毒素B_1和玉米赤霉烯酮含量的关系。结果表明,从玉米籽粒中分离出的优势病原真菌为镰孢属尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、轮枝镰刀菌(F.verticillioides)、藤仓镰刀菌(F.fujikuroi),青霉属草酸青霉(Penicillium oxalicum),曲霉属黄曲霉(Aspergillus flavus)和毛霉属多变根毛霉(Mucor irregularis);处于成熟期的玉米籽粒真菌污染率高于生育初期;镰刀菌和黄曲霉在授粉后45 d污染率最高;呕吐毒素和黄曲霉毒素B_1含量是动态积累的,但玉米赤霉烯酮含量变化比较平稳;呕吐毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮含量与产毒真菌不具备相关性,黄曲霉毒素B_1受生育期影响较大,与产毒真菌具备显著相关性。可以认为玉米籽粒成熟期是控制真菌生长和真菌毒素污染的关键阶段,且玉米品种之间差别不大。
For the study of fungi and their relations with mycotoxin during maize growth period,Zhengdan 958,Qingnong 11 and Yuyu 268 cultivars were chozen to isolate and identify the contaminating fungi in the grains after pollination for 0,12,23,35,45 and 55 days,and their correlations with contents of deoxynivalenol,aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone were analyzed.The results showed that the dominant fungi were Fusarium oxysporum,F.verticillioides,F.fujikuroi,Penicillium oxalicum,Aspergillus flavus and Mucor irregularis.The contamination rate of fungi in maize grains at mature stage was higher than that at early growth stage.The contamination rate of Fusarium and Aspergillus flavus was the highest after pollination for 45 days.The content of deoxynivalenol and aflatoxin B1 were dynamically accumulated with the development period,but the change of zearalenone content was relatively stable.The content of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone was not correlated with toxigenic fungi.Aflatoxin B1 was significantly affected by growth period and had significant correlation with toxigenic fungi.It could be considered that maturity period of maize was the key stage to control fungi growth and mycotoxins,and there was little difference between maize cultivars.
作者
张娜娜
张守梅
郭玉秋
陈利容
王兴亚
龚魁杰
Zhang Nana;Zhang Shoumei;Guo Yuqiu;Chen Lirong;Wang Xingya;Gong Kuijie(Crop Research Institute,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
2020年第10期83-89,共7页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0300605)
山东省现代农业产业技术体系玉米创新团队项目(SDAIT-02-11)
山东省渤海粮仓科技示范工程升级版项目(2019BHLC003)
山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY010722)
山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2018E01)。
关键词
玉米生育期
真菌
毒素
相关性分析
Maize growth period
Fungi
Mycotoxin
Correlation analysis
