摘要
为探究崂山次生林群落β多样性及其组成成分的环境驱动因子,为崂山地区的生物多样性保护和恢复提供理论依据,本研究根据调查样地的地理坐标和环境因子数据,利用广义相异性模型(GDM)探讨了不同生活型植物(乔木、灌木和草本)β多样性格局与环境因子的关系,并利用Mantel检验确定β多样性不同成分(周转和嵌套)与环境因子的关系。GDM分析结果表明:分别有10、11、12个环境变量对乔木、灌木、草本植物β多样性有影响,可解释比例分别为18.16%、28.38%、43.61%;其中,乔木和灌木β多样性的主要限制因素是地理距离、海拔和土壤铵态氮含量,而草本β多样性的主要影响因子是地理距离、土壤p H值和速效钾含量;崂山森林群落乔木、灌木和草本植物的β多样性均以周转成分为主。Mantel检验结果表明:地理距离对灌木和草本植物的周转影响非常显著,对乔木的周转影响不显著;海拔、土壤铵态氮含量对乔木和灌木的周转影响非常显著,而对草本的影响不显著;土壤pH值、有机质含量和速效钾含量仅对草本植物的周转影响显著。本研究表明,生境过滤和扩散限制共同影响着崂山森林群落的β多样性格局,生境过滤作用的影响更大。在生态修复的过程中,要注意海拔、土壤铵态氮含量对木本植物分布的影响以及土壤p H值、有机质含量和速效钾含量对草本植物分布的影响。由于群落β多样性主要由周转成分组成,所以对于崂山次生群落物种多样性的保护工作不能厚此薄彼,应该全面展开。
The aim of this study was to explore environmental factors affecting beta diversity and its components of secondary forest and to provide a theoretical basis for the protection and restoration of biodiversity in Lao Mountain.Based on the geographic coordinates and environmental factors of 69 sampling sites,using a Generalized Dissimilarity Modelling(GDM),we analyzed the relationship between beta diversity of different plant life types and the environmental factors.The relationship between different components of beta diversity and environmental factors was determined by Mantel test.The results of GDM showed that 10,11 and 12 environmental variables affected beta diversity of trees,shrubs and herbs,with the explanation rate being 18.16%,28.38%,and 43.61%,respectively.The effects of geo-distance,altitude and soil ammonium on the diversity of tree and shrub species were large,while the influence of geo-distance,pH and available potassium content on the diversity of herbage species was great.According to the results of beta diversity decomposition,the beta diversity of trees,shrubs and herbs of Lao Mountain’sforest community was dominated by turnover components.Geographical distance had a significant effect on the turnover of shrubs and herbs but did not affect that of trees.Altitude and soil nitrogen content significantly affected the turnover of trees and shrubs but did not affect herbs.Soil pH,organic matter content and available potassium had significant effects on the turnover of herbaceous species.Habitat filtration and dispersal restriction co-affected the beta diversity pattern,with higher impacts of habitat filtration.During the process of ecological restoration,attention should be paid to the effects of altitude,soil ammonium nitrogen content on woody species distribution and also to the effects of soil pH,organic matter content and available potassium content on herbaceous species distribution.Because the turnover components of beta diversity of trees,shrubs and herbs were much larger than that of nested components,species diversity conservation in the secondary forests of Lao Mountain should be carried out in an all-round way.
作者
姜小蕾
孙振元
郝青
郭霄
JIANG Xiao-lei;SUN Zhen-yuan;HAO Qing;GUO Xiao(Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第10期3211-3220,共10页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2018ZB002)资助。
关键词
Β多样性
广义相异性模型
周转成分
嵌套成分
环境因子
beta diversity
Generalized Dissimilarity Modelling
turnover component
nested component
environmental factor
