摘要
创新型人才,作为重要的生产要素,其规模和质量决定了城市发展的核心竞争优势,深刻影响着城市社会经济的发展。文章基于城市适宜性理论,构建了城市适宜性理论模型和创新型人才集聚影响因素的综合指标体系,探讨了中国创新型人才集聚的时空格局及影响机理。研究发现:①我国形成了以各省省会城市和直辖市为聚点,"中心—外围"模式的创新型人才空间分布格局。东部地区是我国创新型人才的主要集聚区,中部地区则是我国创新型人才集聚的薄弱区。西部地区的创新型人才增速较快,创新型人才在向东部地区集聚的同时,也呈现了向西部地区流动的迹象。东北地区的创新型人才总体增长最为缓慢,且主要城市的创新型人才集聚度占全国排名呈下降趋势。②经济适宜性是影响我国创新型人才集聚最主要的因素。而其中,专利授权量和第三产业规模与创新型人才集聚的相关性最高。③社会适宜性和休闲适宜性对创新型人才集聚的影响分居第二和第三位,而其中教育、医疗等基础设施,以及博物馆、公园绿地面积等休闲因素也成为影响创新型人才集聚的主要要素。基于此,建议各城市在增强经济活力的同时,关注创新型人才的人文需求,加大基础设施和休闲设施的投入,打造吸引创新型人才集聚的强磁场。
As an important factor of production,the scale and quality of creative talents determine the core competitive advantages of urban development and profoundly affect the development of urban social economy.Based on the urban amenity theory,this paper constructs an urban amenity theoretical model and an evaluation index system of impact factors of creative talent agglomeration,and explores the spatio-temporal pattern and impact mechanism of creative talent agglomeration in China.Conclusions are drawn as follows:1)China has formed the agglomeration points of creative talents in the provincial capitals and municipality,showing the"Center-Peripheral"pattern of spatial distribution.The eastern region has always been the main gathering area of creative talents in China,while the central and western regions are the weak areas of creative talents in China from 2006 to 2016.However,in recent years,the creative talents show the trend of flowing to the western region,while they gather in the eastern region,and the growth rate of creative talents in the western regions has been accelerating.Nevertheless,the growth rate of creative talents in the northeast is the slowest,and the aggregation degree of creative talents in the major cities of the northeast tends to decrease in the national ranking.2)Economic amenity is still the most important factor affecting the aggregation of creative talents.And while,the number of patents and the proportion of tertiary industry have the greatest impact on the spatial distribution of creative talents.3)The impact of social amenity and leisure amenity on the aggregation of creative talents ranks the second and the third.Among them,the infrastructure of education,medical care,as well as museums and park areas have also become the main factors affecting the aggregation of creative talents.Accordingly,this paper suggests that it is essential for policy makers to focus on the humanistic needs of creative talents while enhancing their economic vitality,and increase investment in infrastructure and leisure facilities to attract creative talents.
作者
崔丹
李国平
吴殿廷
孙瑜康
CUI Dan;LI Guoping;WU Dianting;SUN Yukang(Government School,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;School of Urban Economics and Public Management,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070,China)
出处
《经济地理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第9期1-14,共14页
Economic Geography
基金
中国博士后科学基金项目(2019M660341)
国家自然科学基金项目(41671120、41771128、41901147)
国家社会科学基金重大项目(20ZDA040)。
关键词
创新型人才集聚
城市适宜性
经济适宜性
社会适宜性
休闲适宜性
影响机理
the agglomeration of creative talents
urban amenity
economic amenity
social amenity
leisure amenity
impact mechanism
