摘要
全世界有4.15亿人患有糖尿病,估算有1.93亿患者未确诊为糖尿病,其中2型糖尿病占糖尿病患者的90%以上,中国是全球糖尿病患者人数最多的国家,随着近几年糖尿病患病率显著增加,对糖尿病早期的干预、检测以及预后的评估成为近几年热门研究方向。通常会通过测量空腹血糖或HbA1c浓度或口服葡萄糖耐量测试来确诊,HbA1c可在糖尿病诊断、与平均血糖的关系、与糖尿病并发症危险性的关系及指导调整治疗方案发挥重要作用,然而对于儿童(<18岁)、孕妇或血红蛋白异常性疾病(如贫血)患者并不能依赖HbA1c诊断,因此需另寻一种生物标记物。CD36作为研究最广泛的清道夫受体之一,并非普遍表达,但存在于多种哺乳动物细胞类型中,包括造血细胞(血小板、单核细胞、巨噬细胞)、内皮细胞、乳腺和眼睛中的特化上皮细胞、味蕾细胞、肠细胞和胰岛素反应细胞(如脂肪细胞)以及心脏和骨骼肌细胞,参与炎症反应、动脉粥样硬化性疾病、肠道对脂肪吸收、脂肪组织中的脂质储存、心脏和骨骼肌的脂质利用以及糖代谢紊乱,且与2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)发病率相关。血清可溶性CD36(soluble CD36,sCD36)作为CD36非细胞结合循环形式,能够反映组织CD36表达程度,首次在一小部分受试者中被描述为与代谢综合征相关,随后的实验表明外周血sCD36水平与2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗、糖尿病并发症相关,提示其可能成为预测糖尿病及其并发症的潜在生物标记物。
There are 415 million people with diabetes in the world, and it is estimated that 193 million patients are undiagnosed with diabetes, of which type 2 diabetes accounts for more than 90 percent of diabetics. China has the largest number of diabetics in the world. With the significant increase in the prevalence of diabetes in recent years. The early intervention, detection and prognosis evaluation of diabetes have become a hot research direction in recent years. We usually confirm it by measuring fasting blood glucose or HbA1 c concentration or oral glucose tolerance test. HbA1 c can play an important role in the diagnosis of diabetes, its relationship with average blood glucose, its relationship with the risk of diabetic complications and guiding the adjustment of treatment. However, children(< 18 years old), pregnant women or patients with hemoglobin disorders(such as anemia) cannot rely on HbA1 c diagnosis, so we need to find another biomarker. As one of the most widely studied scavenger receptors, CD36 is not widely expressed, but it exists in a variety of mammalian cell types, including hematopoietic cells(platelets, monocytes, macrophages), endothelial cells, specialized epithelial cells in the breast and eyes, taste bud cells, intestinal cells and insulin-responsive cells(such as fat cells), as well as heart and skeletal muscle cells, It is involved in inflammatory reaction, atherosclerotic disease, intestinal fat absorption, lipid storage in adipose tissue, lipid utilization in heart and skeletal muscle, and glucose metabolism disorder, and is associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2 DM). Serum soluble CD36(soluble CD36, sCD36), as a non-cellular binding cycle of CD36, can reflect the expression of CD36 in tissues, and is described as associated with metabolic syndrome for the first time in a small number of subjects. Subsequent studies have shown that the level of sCD36 in peripheral blood is associated with glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and diabetic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes, suggesting that it may be a potential biomarker for predicting diabetes and its complications.
作者
王声翰
杨菊红
郑妙艳
孔岩
王珊珊
单春艳
WANG Sheng-han;YANG Ju-hong;ZHENG Miao-yan;KONG Yan;WANG Shan-shan;SHAN Chun-yan(Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-1 Memorial Hospital,Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology,NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development(Tianjin Medical University),Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases,Tianjin 300134,China)
出处
《中华全科医学》
2020年第11期1921-1924,共4页
Chinese Journal of General Practice
基金
天津市科技计划项目(17ZXHLSY00040)
天津市卫生局科技基金(2011K289)。
