一流学科建设的理性审视和优化路径——新制度主义合法性机制视角被引量：13

The rational examination and path optimization of the construction of first-class disciplines:based on the perspective of the legitimacy mechanism of neo-institutionalism

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摘要学科是大学的核心要素,高质量地推进一流学科建设是大学走向一流的基本要义。实践中,一流学科建设生发出学科设置机械化、学科发展指标化和学科评估行政化等异化行径。根据新制度主义合法性机制理论,一流学科建设既是强意义下制度规约的有限性行为,又是弱意义下利益诱致的自觉性行动,其执行偏差和实践中的问题均是大学囿于外部制度环境而寻求合法性的结果。也就是说,为了最大限度地寻求合法性,大学在一流学科建设中既受政策制度规制、分类格局固化和观念认识偏差等强意义机制约束,又受资源利益和模仿机制等弱意义机制驱动。为了实现一流学科建设的长效推进,我国亟待优化学科发展制度,扩大高校学科建设自主权;转变学科发展观念,加强学科内涵建设;实行学科分类治理,促进学科特色发展;创新学科组织建制,推进学科交叉协同发展。 Discipline is the core element of a university,and promoting the construction of the first-class disciplines with high quality is the basic principle for driving universities to become first-class.In practice,the construction of first-class disciplines produces mechanization of discipline setting,indexation of discipline development,and administration of discipline evaluation.According to the legitimacy mechanism theory of neo-institutionalism,the construction of first-class disciplines is not only a limited behavior of institutional regulations in a strong sense,but also a conscious action induced by interests in a weak sense.The implementation deviations and the problems in practice are the results of universities seeking legitimacy due to the external institutional environment.Universities are constrained not only by strong meaning mechanisms such as policy and institutional regulations,classification patterns,and deviations in conceptual understanding,but also by weak meaning mechanisms such as resource benefits and imitation mechanisms.In order to promote the long-term advancement of the construction of first-class disciplines,it is urgent to optimize the development system of first-class disciplines and expand the autonomy of discipline construction in universities;to change the concept of discipline development and strengthen the construction of discipline connotation;to implement discipline classification governance and promote the characteristic development of disciplines;to innovate the discipline organization system,and promote interdisciplinary co-construction.

作者王璞孙士茹 WANG Pu;SUN Shiru(Institute of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China)

机构地区厦门大学教育研究院

出处《高校教育管理》 CSSCI 北大核心 2020年第6期16-24,共9页 Journal of Higher Education Management

基金福建省社会科学规划一般项目(FJ2020B055)。

关键词一流学科学科建设新制度主义合法性机制强意义机制弱意义机制学科治理 first-class disciplines discipline construction neo-institutionalism the legitimacy mechanism strong meaning mechanisms weak meaning mechanisms discipline governance

分类号 G640 [文化科学—高等教育学]