摘要
目的探讨老年患者药物不良反应的临床特点与干预策略。方法对连续3年在我院门诊及住院治疗的1026例老年患者的药物治疗情况进行跟踪分析,以其中174例老年患者出现的药物不良反应作为研究资料,研究老年患者发生药物不良反应的危险因素、药物品种和数量、与年龄和多重用药的关系、临床症状及给药途径,统计分析老年患者药物不良反应的特点。结果本组病例发现,老年患者药物不良反应的危险因素是老年女性、低体重、多病共存、多重用药、肝肾功能不全、过敏体质、不良用药、服药依从性差等,发生率随年龄增长而增加,涉及多种药物,与多重用药有关,临床症状涉及多系统,发生于不同的给药途径。结论临床医师对老年疾病要有客观、综合的评价,从全科的角度对疾病进行分析,治疗的选择需要充分考虑老年患者生理和疾病的特点,以老年患者的精神心理状态、治疗的依从性、器官功能状况、预期寿命等作为治疗依据,将老年慢病管理和专科治疗合理的结合,重视药物相互作用及脏器代谢功能,减少副作用和药源性疾病的发生。
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and intervention strategies of adverse drug reactions in elderly patients.Methods A total of 1026 elderly patients in outpatients and inpatients in our hospital for 3 years was followed up and analyzed based on their drug treatment.Adverse drug reactions that occurred in 174 of the patients were used as study data.The risk factors of adverse drug reactions in elderly patients,drug varieties and quantity,relationship with age and polypharmacy,clinical symptoms and route of administration were studied,and the characteristics of adverse drug reactions in elderly patients were statistically analyzed.Results The study in elderly patients of this group showed that the risk factors for adverse drug reactions were elderly women,low weight,multiple coexisting diseases,polypharmacy,liver and kidney dysfunction,allergic constitution,adverse drug use,poor drug compliance,etc.The incidence increased with age,involved multiple drugs,and was associated with polypharmacy,and clinical symptoms involved multiple systems and occurred in different routes of administration.Conclusion Clinicians should have an objective and comprehensive evaluation of elderly diseases,and analyze the diseases from the perspective of general practice.The choice of treatment needs to fully consider the physiological and disease characteristics of the elderly patients.Based on the mental and psychological status of elderly patients,treatment compliance,organ function,life expectancy,etc.,the management of chronic diseases in the elderly is reasonably combined with specialized treatment,and the interaction of drugs and organ metabolism functions are emphasized to reduce side effects and the occurrence of drug-induced diseases.
作者
成昱
魏占玲
高珊
CHENG Yu;WEI Zhanling;GAO Shan(Beijing Geriatric Hospital,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《中国医药科学》
2020年第19期111-115,共5页
China Medicine And Pharmacy
关键词
老年
药物不良反应
临床分析
干预策略
Elderly
Adverse drug Reactions
Clinical analysis
Intervention strategies
