摘要
为探究玉米蛋白粉、菜籽饼、啤酒酵母、产朊假丝酵母等4种不同蛋白源配制蜜蜂代花粉饲料的营养价值,在秋繁时将20群意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera ligustica)姊妹王群,随机分为4组(玉米蛋白粉组、菜籽饼组、啤酒酵母组和产朊假丝酵母组),每组5群,分别饲喂4种不同蛋白源的代花粉饲料。预饲期14 d,正式试验期共40 d,试验期间测定蜂群的采食量、蜂群群势、工蜂初生重;分别采集7日龄和14日龄工蜂,测定其中肠消化酶活性,蜂体不同组织(头部和胸部)蛋白含量,以及蜂体的抗氧化基因SOD1、SOD2、CAT mRNA相对表达量。结果表明:啤酒酵母组蜂群的采食量最高(P<0.05);玉米蛋白粉和啤酒酵母组蜂群群势增长显著高于其他两组(P<0.05);菜籽饼组的工蜂初生重显著低于其他组(P<0.05);玉米蛋白粉组工蜂中肠胰蛋白酶活性显著高于产朊假丝酵母组(P<0.05);工蜂头部蛋白含量中,玉米蛋白粉组显著高于菜籽饼组(P<0.05);工蜂抗氧化能力方面,玉米蛋白粉组SOD1基因表达水平显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。综上,玉米蛋白粉和啤酒酵母可以增加蜜蜂采食量,促进蜂群群势增长,提高工蜂初生重及中肠蛋白酶活性和蜂体蛋白含量,所以其有望成为配制蜜蜂代花粉饲料的蛋白源。
In order to explore the nutritional value of 4 different protein sources(corn gluten meal,rapeseed cake,brewer's yeast and torula yeast)in bee pollen substitute feed,20 groups of bees(Apis mellifera ligustica)were randomly divided into 4 groups(corn gluten meal group,rapeseed cake group,brewer's yeast group and torula yeast group),5 swarms in each group,each group was fed with 4 different proteins source of pollen substitute feed.The pre feeding period was 14 d,and the formal test period was 40 d.During the test period,the intake,colony potential and the first birth weight of worker bees were measured.The 7 d and 14 d worker bees were collected respectively,and the activities of intestinal digestive enzymes,the protein content of different tissues(head and thorax)of the bee body,and the relative expression of the antioxidant genes SOD1,SOD2 and CAT mRNA of the bee body were measured.The results showed that the intake of beer yeast group was the highest(P<0.05);The increase of colony potential in corn gluten meal and beer yeast group was significantly higher than that in other two groups(P<0.05);Primary weight of worker bee in rapeseed cake group was significantly lower than that in other groups(P<0.05);The activity of trypsin in midgut of workers in corn gluten meal group was significantly higher than that in torula yeast group(P<0.05);The content of protein in the head of worker bee in corn gluten meal group was significantly higher than that in rapeseed cake group(P<0.05);The expression level of SOD1 gene in corn gluten meal group was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05).The results indicated that corn gluten meal and beer yeast could increase the feed intake,promote the growth of colony potential,increase the initial weight of worker bee,increase the activity of protease in midgut of worker bee,and increase the content of body protein of worker bee,so they were expected to be the protein source of bee pollen substitute feed.
作者
薛嘉璐
王颖
张卫星
刘振国
王红芳
胥保华
XUE Jialu;WANG Ying;ZHANG Weixing;LIU Zhenguo;WANG Hongfang;XU Baohua(College of Animal Science and Technogy,Shandong Agriculture University,Taian,Shandong Province 271018,China)
出处
《中国饲料》
北大核心
2020年第21期124-129,共6页
China Feed
基金
国家蜂产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-44)
山东省农业良种项目(2017LZN006)
泰山产业领军人才工程专项经费。
关键词
意大利蜜蜂
代花粉饲料
蛋白源
Apis mellifera L
pollen substitute feed
protein source
