摘要
茄科雷尔氏菌侵染引起的青枯病是世界性、毁灭性的作物细菌病害,该病害是典型的土传病害。茄科雷尔氏菌属薄壁菌门β-变形菌纲雷尔氏菌属,为革兰氏阴性、好氧棒状杆菌,可侵染50多科200余种植物。该病原菌在无寄主植物存在时可在土壤、水体中存活5年以上,一旦有合适的寄主植物,即可通过寄主植物的根部侵染维管束系统,引起寄主植物整株性、不可逆的萎蔫枯死。茄科雷尔氏菌是一个复合种,具有明显的生理分化与遗传多样性,已发现有5个生理小种、5个生化变种、4个演化型和57个序列变种。作物青枯病在广东省多种作物上发生十分严重,是广东省重要的植物细菌病害之一。目前,至少发现有35种植物受到茄科雷尔氏菌的侵染与为害,其中桑、桉树、甘薯、沙姜、南瓜、空心菜、菊花、向日葵、广藿香、胜红蓟和人参果等作物青枯病被首次发现与报道,每年均造成巨大的经济损失。对国内外茄科雷尔氏菌及青枯病主要研究进展进行综述,并总结了本团队近20年来在青枯病研究方面取得的主要成效。
Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum,bacterial wilt,a typical soil-borne disease,is a destructive crop disease worldwide.R.solanacearum,aβ-proteobacterium,gram-negative and aerobic rod-shaped bacteria,can infect more than 200 plant species belonging to over 50 different botanical families.The pathogen can survive for over five years in soil or water in the absence of host plants.Once encountering a suitable host plant,it enters the roots and then invades the xylem vessels,and finally causes plant irreversible wilt to death.R.solanacearum is considered as a species complex due to the significant physiological differentiation and genetic diversity.Till now,it is found that R.solanacearum has five races,five biovars,four phylotypes and 57 sequevars.Bacterial wilt is a destructive disease of many crop species and one of the most important plant bacterial diseases in Guangdong Province.So far,at least 35 kinds of plants were infected and damaged by R.solanacearum,including first reported host plants Morus alba,Eucalyptus robusta,Ipomoea batatas,Kaempferia galangal,Cucurbita maxima,Ipomoea aquatic,Dendranthema morifolium,Helianthus annuus,Pogostemon cablin,Ageratum conyzoides and Solanum muricatum.The disease causes huge economic losses every year.In this paper,the main advances in bacterial wilt research at home and abroad are summarized and the main results of our research group in the past 20 years are also reviewed.
作者
佘小漫
何自福
SHE Xiaoman;HE Zifu(Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Science/Guangdong Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection,Guangzhou 501640,China)
出处
《广东农业科学》
CAS
2020年第12期82-89,共8页
Guangdong Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金(31801698)
广东省自然科学基金(2018A030313566)
广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目(2020KJ113)
广东省农业科学院科技创新战略专项资金(高水平农科院建设)-人才项目(R2018PY-JX004)。
关键词
茄科雷尔氏菌
多样性
生理生化特性
分子特征
青枯病
防控技术
Ralstonia solanacearum
diversity
physiological-biochemical?properties
molecular characteristics
bacterial wilt
prevention and control technology
