摘要
废旧锂离子电池材料的无害化处理对于资源综合利用及环境保护都具有重要的意义。对废旧锂离子电池(18650型)的正极材料进行处理,首先采用1 mol/L酸性溶液选择性地溶解粘结剂,使得集流体与活性物质分离,再用硫酸+还原剂对活性物质进行浸出,最后用水热—煅烧法从浸出液中回收有价金属。采用X射线衍射仪分析电极材料及回收产物的物相,用扫描电子显微镜分析固态产物的微观形貌。采用化学滴定法与仪器测定法分析浸出液中金属离子的浓度并计算相应金属的浸出率。研究酸浓度、还原剂体积分数、浸出温度和时间、固液比等因素对金属浸出率的影响。在硫酸浓度2.5 mol/L、双氧水体积分数10%、浸出温度80℃、浸出时间80 min和固液比1∶14 g/mL的条件下,镍、钴、锰的浸出率分别为93.82%、99.53%、14.88%。从浸出液中可制备出棒条状NiCo2O4。
The harmless treatment of spent lithium ion batteries is significant to both the comprehensive utilization of resources and environment protection.The process of reclaiming valuable metals in cathode materials from spent lithium ion battery was studied.Firstly,1 mol/L acidic solution was used to selectively dissolve the adhesive so that the current collector was separated from the active material,then the cathode active material was leached by sulfuric acid and reducing agent,finally the valuable materials in the cathode were recovered from the leaching solution by hydro-thermal-calcination method.XRD and SEM were applied to analyze phase composition and morphology of the solid specimen respectively.The concentrations of the metallic elements in the active material were determined by chemical titration and instrument measurement method,then the leaching rate was calculated accordingly.The effects of parameters such as concentration of acid,volume fraction of reducing agent,leaching temperature and duration and solid-liquid ratio on leaching rate of the metallic elements were investigated.It shows that under the condition of acid concentration of 2.5 mol/L,H2O2 volume fraction of 10%,leaching temperature of 80℃,leaching duration of 80 min and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶14 g/mL,the leaching rate of nickle,cobalt and manganese was 93.82%、99.53%、14.88%respectively;finally,the rod-shaped NiCo2O4was obtained from the leaching solution.
作者
张晨露
王碧侠
李卓阳
马红周
朱军
ZHANG Chenlu;WANG Bixia;LI Zhuoyang;MA Hongzhou;ZHU Jun(School of Metallurgy Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture & Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;Key Laboratory of Gold and Resources of Shaanxi Province,Xi’an 710055,China)
出处
《有色金属工程》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第11期73-78,共6页
Nonferrous Metals Engineering
基金
陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2018JM5133)。
关键词
废旧锂离子电池
正极材料
浸出
水热法
回收
spent lithium-ion batteries
cathode material
leaching
hydro-thermal method
recovery
