摘要
16—19世纪中日两国货币流通制度的演进路径发生两次重要分流。第一次分流发生在16世纪中下叶以降,从货币发行管理权的视角看,中国是“主导权下移”,表现为自下而上的货币称量银化,以及政府货币发行权动摇、弱化了对核心货币的管理干预能力;日本则是“主导权上移”,表现为幕府建立了政府主导的金银铜三货制度,有能力多次改铸货币、调节货币流通市场。19世纪下半叶,中日两国在建立近代货币金融体制的过程中呈现出更明显的分流。中国货币金融制度不但发展迟缓,而且呈现出混乱不堪的局面,货币主权遭遇严重侵蚀;日本较早且较顺利地建立起近代货币金融制度,确立了国家货币主权。这不仅影响了中日两国的历史命运,也彰显了国家金融能力的传统特质对构建近代金融体制的深层次作用,折射出历史遗产的路径依赖对于制度变迁的深层影响。
Between the 16th and the 19th centuries,two important divergences occurred between China and Japan in the evolution of currency circulation.The first of these occurred from the mid-to late 16th century.Seen in the light of the administrative power to issue currency,in China this was represented by the“decentralization”of power with the increasing bottom-up“silverization”of currency metage,together with the shaky nature of the government’s power to issue currency and its weakened ability to manage and intervene in its core currency;In contrast,in Japan it was characterized by the“centralization”of power,as seen in the shogunate’s establishment of a government-led tri-metallic monetary system using gold,silver and copper.Japan thus had the ability to repeatedly recast coinage and regulate the currency circulation market.In the second half of the 19th century,the Chinese and Japanese establishment of modern monetary and financial systems was even more divergent.China’s monetary and financial system not only developed slowly,but was also in total disarray,and its monetary sovereignty was seriously eroded.Japan set up a modern monetary and financial system earlier and more smoothly,and thus established its national monetary sovereignty.This not only affected the historical destiny of the two countries,but also highlighted the deep-seated influence of the traditional features of national financial capacity on the construction of the modern financial system,reflecting the strong impact of the path dependence of China’s historical heritage on institutional change.
作者
仲伟民
邱永志
Zhong Weimin;Qiu Yongzhi
出处
《中国社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第10期93-115,206,207,共25页
Social Sciences in China
基金
国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“世界货币制度史的比较研究”(18ZDA089)阶段性成果。
