摘要
2005年开始,中国的农业文化遗产发掘与保护工作进入了一个新阶段,其突出的标志是浙江青田稻鱼共生系统于当年被联合国粮农组织(FAO)列为首批全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS)保护试点以及2012年原农业部启动的中国重要农业文化遗产(China-NIAHS)发掘与保护工作。历经15年的发展,中国的GIAHS项目数已经跃升到15项,数量位居各国之首;农业农村部陆续发布了5批118项China-NIAHS;2016年起建立了中国GIAHS预备名单,从而形成了China-NIAHS—中国GIAHS预备名单—GIAHS的完整体系。作为农业文化遗产发掘的一项基础性工作,“农业文化遗产普查”于2016年被写入中央“一号文件”,同年年底发布了408项具有保护潜力的农业文化遗产;一些地方还组织了区域性的农业文化遗产普查。文章全面回顾了农业文化遗产普查、全球/中国重要农业文化遗产申报与认定工作,基于普查结果和全球/中国重要农业文化遗产项目,从地域分布与类型分布等角度进行了分析,探讨了存在的问题,并提出了相关建议。
Marked by the event of Qingtian Rice Fish Culture System in Zhejiang Province being designated as one of the first pilot sites of the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO),the year 2005 is a milestone in the history of China’s Agricultural heritage identification and conservation.As one of the outcomes of the Conservation and Adaptive Management of GIAHS supported by Global Environment Facility(GEF),China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(China-NIAHS)programme was launched by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China(MARA)in 2012.Since then,great progresses have been achieved:the number of GIAHS sites in China has increased to 15 ranking across first among countries;MARA released 5 batches of 118 China-NIAHS sites;the GIAHS Tentative List in China has been established which means a complete system of ChinaNIAHS,GIAHS Tentative,GIAHS has been formed.As one of the ground work to identify agricultural heritage,the“Investigation of Agricultural Heritage”was included in the Central Government’s“No.1 Document”in 2016,and 408 potential heritages were released at the end of the same year.In addition,some provincial investigations have also been organized.In this paper,the achievements of the investigation of agricultural heritage and application and designation of GIAHS and China-NIAHS were reviewed comprehensively,the analysis is made from the perspectives of regional and type distribution based on the results of the investigation and China’s GIAHS sites and China-NIAHS sites,and the existing problems are discussed and some suggestions are put forward.
作者
闵庆文
MIN Qingwen(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《自然与文化遗产研究》
2020年第6期1-9,共9页
Study on Natural and Cultural Heritage
基金
农业农村部国际合作司“全球重要农业文化遗产申报与管理支撑”项目(12200020)
农业农村部农村社会事业促进司“繁荣发展乡村文化”项目(09205006)资助。
关键词
重要农业文化遗产
全球重要农业文化遗产
中国重要农业文化遗产
中国全球重要农业文化遗产预备名单
普查
申报与认定
回顾与前瞻
Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(IAHS)
Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)
China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (China-NIAHS)
GIAHS Candidates in China
investigation
application and designation
retrospect and prospect
