摘要
针对传统电动叉车在货叉下降过程中的节流损失和液压系统发热问题,将势能回收技术应用到货叉下降速度控制中。对势能回收过程中负载重量与液压马达转速、发电机转速、液压缸活塞伸缩速度之间的关系进行了研究,对电动叉车势能回收过程中货叉下降速度控制方法进行了总结,提出了一种基于变量液压马达、发电机、超级电容的势能回收方案,利用势能回收过程中发电机受到的电磁阻力来控制货叉的下降速度,建立了势能回收系统的数学模型,推导了货叉下降速度的控制方程,设计了基于电磁阻力的货叉速度下降控制策略;利用AMEsim软件对货叉下降过程进行了仿真分析,来验证所提出的控制策略和能量回收方案的有效性。研究结果表明:提出的控制方法能够使货叉保持0.2 m/s的额定下降速度,在2000 kg负载时势能回收效率能达到54%。
Aiming at the problem of throttling loss of the traditional electric forklift during the descent of the fork and the heating in the hydraulic system,the potential energy recovery technology was applied to the speed control of forklift lowering.The relationship between the total load during the potential energy recovery process and the speed of the hydraulic motor,the speed of the generator,and the expansion and contraction speed of the hydraulic cylinder piston was studied.The method of controlling the descending speed of the fork during the potential energy recovery process of an electric forklift was summarized.A potential energy recovery scheme based on a variable hydraulic motor,a generator,and a super capacitor was proposed.The electromagnetic resistance of the generator during the potential energy recovery process was used to control the fork.The mathematical model of the potential energy recovery system was established,the governing equation of the descending speed of the fork was deduced,and the control strategy of the descending speed of the fork based on electromagnetic resistance was designed.The AMEsim software was used to simulate the descent process of the fork to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy and energy recovery scheme.The simulation results indicate that the proposed control method can keep the fork at the rated descent speed of 0.2 m/s,and the potential energy recovery efficiency can reach 54%at a load of 2000 kg.
作者
童水光
官建宇
童哲铭
从飞云
单玉爽
何顺
余跃
唐宁
TONG Shui-guang;GUAN Jian-yu;TONG Zhe-ming;CONG Fei-yun;SHAN Yu-shuang;HE Shun;YU Yue;TANG Ning(College of Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)
出处
《机电工程》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第11期1288-1292,1350,共6页
Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering
基金
浙江省重点研发计划资助项目(2018C01060,2019C01057)。
关键词
电动叉车
势能回收
货叉下降
电磁阻力
控制策略
electric forklift
potential energy recovery
fork drop
electromagnetic resistance
control strategy
