摘要
地铁是城市公共交通重要部分,碰撞事故一旦发生,将会造成巨大伤亡。本文建立车厢−乘员−扶手耦合三维多刚体动力学模型与头−地板耦合三维有限元模型,基于生物力学指标,研究3种基本工况下不同站姿地铁乘员头部损伤,旨在探究乘员姿态对头部损伤影响规律。结果表明:1)头部损伤生物力学指标最大值均基本集中在脑干处与颅脑顶端,可以判断发生脑损伤;2)地铁站立乘员抬头角度、面向方向对头部损伤影响较大,脚部竖跨角度对头部损伤结果有一定影响,而脚步横跨角度对头部损伤结果影响不大;3)地铁站立乘员保持头部弯曲角度45°、面向地铁行驶方向、脚步竖跨角度0°姿态,将在地铁碰撞事故中面临更严重脑损伤风险。
In recent years,the number of interfaces between sub-systems and the complexity of interface technology have increased dramatically.It is extremely difficult to identify interface points in the early stages.The interface problems in the later construction stages lead to unnecessary cost overrun and schedule overrun.The early identification of interface has become one of the key issues for the successful acceptance of the whole project.Based on the interface task,the interface matrix is defined to map the interface points of the whole metro project.The DSM method was adopted to preliminarily identify interface points,and three interface importance indexes(interface function index,interface cost index and interface iteration index)are given.A grey relation model was established to evaluate the importance of the interface points with the three indexes.A case study was implemented to verify the effectiveness of the key interface points identification method.The research provides a theoretical basis for key interface points identification of metro projects and enriches the interface management theory system.
作者
赖森华
许拓
许平
田洪雷
于洋洋
LAI Senhua;XU Tuo;XU Ping;TIAN Honglei;YU Yangyang(CRRC Qingdao Sifang Locomotive&Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266111,China;Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track,Central South University,Ministry of Education,Changsha 410075,China;Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety,Changsha 410075,China)
出处
《铁道科学与工程学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第10期2680-2687,共8页
Journal of Railway Science and Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFB1200505-016)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51675537)。
关键词
二次碰撞
乘员姿态
头部损伤
数值仿真
Secondary collision
Passenger posture
Head injuries
Numerical simulation
