摘要
改革开放以来,我国人民的生活水平大幅提高,人们对食用菌的需求也越来越高,进而推动了我国食用菌产业的发展。随着食用菌产业的高速发展,食用菌的原料稀缺成为制约该产业进一步发展的重要因素之一。因此,培养食用菌所用原料的来源、筛选和开发成为我国食品及农业等领域众多学者的主要关注点及研究方向。农林废弃物来源广泛,如茶叶、果蔬、农林秸秆的加工副产品,并且其种类众多。因此,农林废弃物是培养食用菌良好的基质。用农林废弃物生产食用菌,一方面可以缓解食用菌的原料短缺问题,另一方面可以避免果蔬等农作物加工副产品随意处置对环境造成的污染压力,提高农副产品的综合利用率。本文对近几年来农林废弃物培养食用菌进行了综述,分析了培养食用菌存在的问题,并对农林废弃物培养食用菌的应用前景进行了展望。
Since the reform and opening up,people′s living standards in our country have been greatly improved,and the demand for edible fungi is also increasing,which has promoted the development of China′s edible fungus industry.With the rapid development of edible fungi industry,the scarcity of raw materials for edible fungi has become an important issue restricting the further development of the industry.Therefore,the source,selection and development of raw materials for edible fungus cultivation have become the main concerns and research directions for many scholars in the fields of food and agriculture in China.Agricultural and forestry wastes have a wide range of sources,such as the processing by-products of tea,fruits and vegetables,and agricultural and forestry straws,and there are also many types.Therefore,agricultural and forestry wastes are good substrates for edible fungi cultivation.The production of edible fungi with agricultural and forestry wastes can alleviate the shortage of raw materials for edible fungi on the one hand,and on the other hand,it can avoid the pollution pressure on the environment caused by the random disposal of by-products such as fruit and vegetable crop processing,and improve the comprehensive utilization rate of agricultural and sideline products.This paper intends to review the cultivation of edible fungi with agricultural and forestry wastes in recent years,analyzes the problems in cultivating edible fungi,and forecasts the application prospects of edible fungi with agricultural and forestry wastes.
作者
殷宇腾
吴红燕
YIN Yuteng;WU Hongyan(College of Plant Protection,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai′an Shandong 371000;Tai′an City Soil and Fertilizer Station in Shandong Province,Tai′an Shandong 371000)
出处
《现代农业科技》
2020年第22期44-45,共2页
Modern Agricultural Science and Technology
关键词
农林废弃物
食用菌
培养基质
种类
问题
agricultural and forestry waste
edible fungi
culture medium
type
problem
