摘要
作为国际人道法的“保底原则”,比例原则集中体现了国际人道法的本质特征,在国际人道法中居于总括和统属诸原则的主导地位。国际社会在应对外空武装冲突、网络武装冲突和致命性自主武器系统对国际人道法带来的挑战时,应以比例原则为中心制定规制准则。第一,在加强外空安全国际立法的同时,根据外空特点对国际人道法作出新的解释、补充新的规则;第二,积极防范网络武装冲突,加强对网络武装冲突的规制研究,由红十字国际委员会对国际人道法规则作出适用网络武装冲突的新解释;第三,禁止研发“完全自主”的智能武器,建立严格的自主武器系统审查制度,在联合国《常规武器公约》机制下达成关于自主武器系统的议定书。
The principle of proportionality embodies the essential characteristics of international humanitarian law and plays a leading role in its generalization and generality.Focused on the principle of proportionality,this paper analyzes the challenges posed by outer space armed conflict,cyber armed conflict and lethal autonomous weapon systems to international humanitarian law,and puts forward the following suggestions on how to cope with these three challenges.Firstly,while strengthening international legislation on outer space security,the international humanitarian law should be interpreted and supplemented in the light of outer space characteristics.Secondly,it is necessary to actively prevent cyber armed conflicts and strengthen the research on regulation of cyber armed conflicts.The International Committee of the Red Cross shall give a new interpretation of the rules of international humanitarian law that is applicable to cyber armed conflicts.Thirdly,the development of“fully autonomous”autonomous weapon systems should be prohibited,a strict review system for autonomous weapons systems should be established,and a protocol on autonomous weapons systems should be concluded under the UN Convention on Conventional Weapons.
作者
刘蔡宽
LIU Cai-kuan(School of Law,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《湖南科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第6期129-136,共8页
Journal of Hunan University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)
关键词
国际人道法
比例原则
外空武装冲突
网络武装冲突
致命性自主武器系统
international humanitarian law
principle of proportionality
armed conflict in outer space
cyber armed conflict
lethal autonomous weapon systems
