摘要
汉语的一些复合词在历史演变过程中发生了结构变异,其主要变异类型有:1并列→偏正,2并列→动宾,3动宾→偏正,4偏正→并列,5偏正→主谓等。复合词历时结构变异的原因主要有:语素粘着化造成的词义不透明,多义语素的理解错位,离子化与韵律的压制。
The structure of some Chinese compound words have changed. The structural variations can be classified as five types: 1. from coordinate phrases or words to subordinate words;2. from coordinate phrases or words to verb-object words;3. from verb-object phrases or words to subordinate words;4. from subordinate phrases or words to coordinate words;5. from subordinate phrases or words to subject-predicate words. In this study, structural variations are interpreted as resulting from three factors, namely, the opacity of meaning caused by the adhesion of morphemes, the misunderstanding of polysemy morphemes, ionization and suppression of rhythm. This paper shows that the mechanism of diachronic structural variation of compound words is reanalysis.
出处
《古汉语研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第4期16-23,126,共9页
Research in Ancient Chinese Language
基金
国家社科基金一般项目“新刊布敦煌汉简词汇研究与语料库建设”(20BYY139)
中国博士后科学基金第九批特别资助项目“唐五代汉语构词研究”(2016T90176)
甘肃省哲学社会科学规划项目“基于语料库的悬泉汉简词汇研究”(20YB031)。
关键词
复合词
结构变异
多义语素的理解错位:离子化与韵律压制
重新分析
compound words
structural variations
misunderstanding of polysemy morphemes
ionization and suppression of rhythm
reanalysis
