摘要
政府与社会资本合作(PPP)的巨灾保险是管理巨灾风险、提高社会韧性的一种至关重要的手段。本文从理论上评述了PPP巨灾保险的背景、特点、面临的主要问题及未来的研究方向。巨灾保险市场失灵与政府主导提供巨灾保险的困境是PPP巨灾保险产生的背景。PPP巨灾保险具备一般PPP项目长期契约、不确定性高以及多阶段多任务的特征,但也具有自己的特点,包括可变成本远高于固定成本,参保人信息是专有资产,项目处于信息不对称环境但主要表现为商业巨灾保险机构的道德风险,居民对巨灾保险需求极不稳定且难预测。由于具有这些特点,PPP巨灾保险在实践中面临许多问题,而基于理性、不完全契约框架的传统PPP理论无法完全解释乃至解决这些问题。因此,后续PPP巨灾保险的研究应当扩展思路,比如借鉴完全契约理论与行为经济学分析框架,提出新的理论和应对举措。
The Public-Private Partnership(PPP)catastrophe insurance is a crucial method for managing catastrophe risk and improving social resilience.This paper theoretically reviews the background,characteristics and main problems of PPP catastrophe insurance,while discussing the further research issues.The failure of the catastrophe insurance market and challenges to the government-provided catastrophe insurance jointly lead to PPP catastrophe insurance.While PPP catastrophe insurance has the same characteristics of a general PPP project as long-term contract,high uncertainty and multi-stage with multi tasks,it figures its own characteristics:Variable cost is much higher than fixed costs;The information of the insured is a proprietary asset;The PPP catastrophe insurance is exposed to an asymmetric information environment,mainly manifesting as the moral hazard of commercial catastrophe insurance institutions;Residents’demand for catastrophe insurance is extremely unstable and difficult to predict.Imbedded with these characteristics,PPP catastrophe insurance faces many challenges in practice.Traditional PPP theory exploiting rational agency and incomplete contract framework fails to explain,much less solving these challenges.Therefore,the future PPP catastrophe insurance research should extend the current framework to the environment as complete contract and behavioral economics analysis,in order to propose new theories and countermeasures.
作者
王瀚洋
孙祁祥
Wang Hanyang;Sun Qixiang
出处
《财政研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第11期115-128,共14页
Public Finance Research
关键词
PPP
巨灾保险
风险管理
PPP
Catastrophe Insurance
Risk Management
