摘要
韦伯认为理性主义是现代资本主义精神的核心,理性化思想贯穿于现代西方社会的各个领域之中。韦伯指出,随着现代社会理性化程度的不断加深,现代社会发展不断陷入紧张且矛盾的状态之中:从是否有利于人的生存发展这一现代性核心问题来看,一方面,社会组织的理性化、工具化会提高社会劳动效率,给予人们更多的掌控自然的自由;另一方面,工具理性极度膨胀从而走向了它的相反面,功利主义、消费主义和相对主义大肆崛起,人的生存与发展陷入了没有实质价值和意义的虚无困境。当代著名哲学家查尔斯·泰勒回应了韦伯的论题,基于回归人的本真性伦理的视阈试图从原子化个人的独特性和社会的统一性中找到平衡,重建社会道德和良善生活,为破解现代性生存问题进行了道德哲学和政治哲学层面的积极思考。
Weber believes that rationalism is the core of modern capitalist spirit,and rationalism runs through all fields of modern western society.Weber points out that with the deepening of the rationalization of modern society,the development of modern society is constantly in a state of tension and contradiction:with the core question of whether it is beneficial to the survival and development of human beings,on the one hand,the rationalization and instrumentalization of social organization will improve the efficiency of social labor and give people more freedom to control nature;on the other hand,the extreme expansion of instrumental rationality has led to its opposite.Utilitarianism,consumerism and relativism have risen,and human existence and development have fallen into a nihilistic dilemma with no real value and significance.Charles Taylor responds to Weber's thesis,tries to find a balance between the uniqueness of atomized individuals and the unity of society based from the perspective of the ethics of revitalizing people's authenticity,to rebuild social morality and good life,and to solve the problem of modern existence by active thinking on moral and political philosophy.
作者
韩升
栾美娇
HAN Sheng;LUAN Meijiao
出处
《理论与现代化》
2020年第6期50-59,共10页
Theory and Modernization
关键词
理性化
资本主义
现代性生存
工具理性
生存与发展
rationalization
capitalism
modernity
instrumental reason
survival and development
