摘要
人工封育是保护和恢复退化草场的一种重要措施,对草地植被动态有着重要的影响。为研究半干旱区长期人工封育草地植物种群生态位变化,以宁夏盐池县人工封育区3种不同处理方式(长期完全封育、短期完全封育、短期不完全封育)草地为研究对象,将封育区分为核心区(E区)、边缘区(E1区)、外围区(E2区),沿样线每隔30 m随机布设1 m×1 m的样方,分别调查样方内植物种类、株数、高度、盖度等。通过分析该区域2008年、2013年、2018年出现的植物种群的重要值、Shannon-Wiener生态位宽度指数和Pianka生态位重叠指数,对植物种群在荒漠环境下的变化规律进行探究。结果表明,(1)阿尔泰狗娃花(Heteropappus altaicus)在各区内都有较高的生态位宽度,该物种能较好地适应封育区的环境,并能很好利用封育区资源。(2)生态位宽度较大的物种在生态位重叠上并不总是有较高的生态位重叠值,即生态位宽度与生态位重叠之间并没有明显的线性关系。(3)随着封育时间的增加,群落稳定性表现为E1区>E2区>E区,长期完全封育不利于植物群落的稳定性。该研究可以为分析该地区群落稳定性提供依据,为制定草地利用措施提供参考。
Fencing is an important tool to protect and restore degraded grassland,having also an important influence on the vegetation dynamics of grasslands.In order to study the niche changes of long-term fenced grassland plant population,three different measures(long-term complete fencing,short-term complete fencing and short-term partial fencing)were taken in Ningxia Yanchi County,semi-arid regions of China.Three sample plots;core area(E plot),edge area(E1 plot),and peripheral area(E2 plot)were taken to achieve the study objectives.In each sample plot 1 m2 quadrat was randomly selected every 30 m and different parameters like,plants species,total number of plants,height and cover were noted.The main objective of this study was to investigate about the changing pattern of plant population in desert environment by analyzing the important value of plant populations,Shannon-Wiener niche breadth index and Pianka niche overlapping index in year 2008,2013 and 2018.Our results revealed that:(1)Heteropappus altaicus in all areas have a higher niche breadth,it can better adapt to the environment of the fencing area,and can make good use of the fencing area resources;(2)The species with large niche breadth do not always have higher niche overlapping.There is no significant linear relationship between niche breadth and niche overlapping;And(3)with the increase of fencing time,the stability of the community is shown as:E1>E2>E.Long-term complete fencing is not conducive to the stability of plant communities in this region.This study can provide a basis for analyzing the stability of community in the area and a reference for the specified reasonable grassland utilization measures.
作者
冯湘
刘宝军
刘建康
马莉
张克斌
FENG Xiang;LIU Baojun;LIU Jiankang;MA Li;ZHANG Kebin(College of soil and water conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 10083,China;Northwest Surveying,Planning and Designing Institute of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Xi’an 710048,China;Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第10期1961-1970,共10页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
宁夏自然科学基金项目(2020AAC03085)
国家自然科学基金项目(30771764)
国家林业和草原局宁夏盐池荒漠化定位监测项目。
