摘要
为了解汾河谷地设施农业土壤次生盐渍化状况。选取太谷县不同灌溉条件(滴灌和沟灌)下大棚0~1 m土壤进行全盐量及K^+、Na^+、Ca^2+、Mg^2+、Cl^-、HCO3^-、SO4^2-、CO3^2-含量的测定,并且采集大田土壤作为对照。结果表明:①在0~1 m深度大棚土壤中,全盐量呈现出随深度不断下降的趋势。滴灌土壤全盐含量范围为0~2 g/kg,沟灌土壤全盐量范围为1~10 g/kg且盐分在土壤表层(0~0.2 m)出现明显的集聚现象,沟灌大棚土壤在表层出现中度的盐渍化现象;②对土壤盐基离子进行分析发现,除HCO-3外其余6大盐基离子均表现出滴灌<沟灌。太谷县大棚土壤阳离子以Ca^2+、Mg^2+为主,阴离子以SO4^2-、Cl^-为主。Ca^2+、Mg^2+、 SO4^2-、Cl^-增加是造成沟灌土壤次生盐渍化的主要原因。③对0~0.4 m之间大棚土壤进行相对质量指数分析,滴灌土壤相对质量指数小于沟灌土壤。其中,最大值出现在沟灌土壤K^+中,为18.66;最小值出现在滴灌土壤Cl^-中,为0.79。采用滴灌可以有效减缓大棚土壤中盐分含量的积累,能有效抑制大棚土壤次生盐渍化的形成,本研究可为太谷地区设施农业的可持续发展提供科学参考。
In order to understand the secondary salinization of the agricultural soil in the Fenhe Valley, the soil under different irrigation(drip irrigation and furrow irrigation) was selected to determine the total salt and K^+, Na^+, Ca^2+, Mg^2+, Cl^-, HCO3^-, SO4^2- and CO3^2- content in the depth of 0~1 m, and the field soil was collected as a control. The results showed that:① the total salt content showed a decreasing trend with depth at 0~1 m. The total salt content of drip irrigation ranged from 0~2 g/kg, while ranged from 1~10 g/kg under the furrow irrigation, and the salinity accumulated obviously on the soil surface(0~0.2 m). There appeared moderately salinized on the surface under the furrow irrigation.②the analysis of base cations found that the other six cations showed drip irrigation<furrow irrigation except HCO3^-. The soil cations were mainly Ca^2+ and Mg^2+ and the anions were mainly SO4^2- and Cl^- in the greenhouse in Taigu County. The increase of Ca^2+, Mg^2+, SO4^2-, Cl^- was the main reason for the secondary salinization of furrow irrigation soil.③The relative quality index of soil under drip irrigation was lower than that of furrow irrigation through the relative quality index analysis for the greenhouse soil between 0~0.4 m. Among them, the maximum value appeared in K^+ under furrow irrigation soil, which was 18.66;while the minimum value appeared in Cl^- under drip irrigation, which was 0.79. Drip irrigation could effectively slow down the accumulation of salt content in greenhouse soil and effectively inhibited the formation of secondary salinization in greenhouse soil. This study can provide a scientific reference for the sustainable development of facility agriculture in Taigu area.
作者
钞锦龙
郝小梅
胡磊
陶军
张鹏飞
赵德一
CHAO Jin-long;HAO Xiao-mei;HU Lei;TAO Jun;ZHANG Peng-fei;ZHAO De-yi(School of Geographical Sciences,Taiyuan Normal University, Yuci 030619,Shanxi, China;Department of Geographical Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2020年第12期17-21,共5页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
2020年山西省哲学社会科学规划课题(2020YY201)
太原师范学院研究生教育创新项目(SYYJSJC-2007)
2020年山西省社科联重点课题(SSKLZDKT2020109)。
关键词
设施土壤
次生盐渍化
相对质量指数
facility soil
secondary salinization
relative quality index
