摘要
【目的】探索厚竹笋用林冬季覆盖中发热物质、保温材料和水分对土壤温度变化的影响,促进厚竹提早出笋和延长出笋期。【方法】采用L27(913)正交试验方法对厚竹笋用林地进行冬季覆盖试验。设计3个水平的枯饼(发热物质)施用量,分别为3.0、4.5和6.0 t/hm2,3个水平的谷壳(保温材料)覆盖厚度,分别为15、25和35 cm,3个水平的覆盖前林地补水量,分别为湿润土壤深度10、15和20 cm。观测覆盖期0、10和20 cm土层土壤温度的变化规律。【结果】冬季覆盖期,厚竹笋用林土壤温度的变化规律为前2周快速升高,第3~5周温度较高,第6周快速下降,第13周(翌年2月底)温度达到最低,之后缓慢上升。谷壳层厚度对土壤温度影响极显著,枯饼用量在覆盖初期和后期对土壤温度影响显著,枯饼用量和谷壳层厚度的交互作用对土壤温度产生显著影响。覆盖前进行林地补水对土壤温度的影响不显著,但对土壤温度的变化速度和温度峰值出现的时间有一定影响。【结论】冬季覆盖时,谷壳保温层厚度是影响厚竹笋用林土壤温度的首要因素,枯饼用量主要决定土壤温度的变化规律,在覆盖初期和后期对土壤温度产生显著影响。生产中可通过适当增加谷壳保温层厚度,减少枯饼用量,来降低覆盖对土壤和环境的不良影响。
【Objective】The effect of heating material,heat preservation material and moisture on soil temperature variation in winter mulching of Phyllostachys edulis’Pachyloen’forest was explored to promote the early shoot emergence and prolong the shooting period.【Method】The L27(913)orthogonal experiment was conducted including 3 application levels of 3.0,4.5,6.0 t/hm2 oil cake(heating material);3 covering thickness levels of 15,25 and 35 cm husk(thermal insulation material),and 3 water replenishment levels of 10,15 and 20 cm before mulching.The soil temperatures variation of 0,10 and 20 cm depth layers during mulching period was observed.【Result】During the winter mulching period of P.edulis’Pachyloen’shoot forest,the soil temperature increased rapidly in the first 2 weeks,higher in the 3 rd to 5 th week,decreased rapidly in the 6 th week,reached the lowest in the 13 th week(the end of February of the following year),and then increased slowly.The thickness of chaff had a significant effect on soil temperature,while the oil cake quantity had a significant effect on soil temperature only in the early and late stage of mulching.The interaction between the oil cake and the chaff also had a significant effect on soil temperature.The effect of forestland water replenishment on soil temperature was not significant before mulching,but it had a certain influence on variation speed of soil temperature and the occurrence time of high temperature peak value.【Conclusion】During mulching bamboo shoot forest in winter,the thickness of chaff is the primary factor affecting soil temperature,and the oil cake quantity mainly determines the variation of soil temperature,which has a significant effect on soil temperature in the early and later stages of mulching.In production,the adverse effects of mulching on soil and environment can be reduced by appropriately increasing the thickness of chaff layer and reducing the oil cake quantity.
作者
程慧娟
申展
陈怡君
沈学桂
惠柳笛
龙芝润
黎祖尧
CHENG Huijuan;SHEN Zhan;CHEN Yijun;SHEN Xuegui;HUI Liudi;LONG Zhirun;LI Zuyao(Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China;Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization,Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2020年第4期169-176,共8页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
江西省林业科技创新专项(〔2019〕02)
国家科技支撑计划课题(2015BAD04B01)。
关键词
厚竹
枯饼
谷壳
水分
土壤温度
Phyllostachys edulis’Pachyloen’
oil cake
chaff
water
soil temperature
