摘要
由于忽略了发展阶段的差异,金融机构市场化是否会抑制其支农力度一直存在争议。本文基于农业部门与工商业部门相对发展差距的视角,从理论上分析了不同阶段农村金融机构市场化改革对金融支农的异质性影响,并基于2010~2016年982家农信社和农商行的数据,利用农信社转制农商行后金融机构市场化程度提高这一“准自然实验”,对上述理论进行了检验。结果发现:第一,现阶段农信社转制显著提升了其金融支农水平,但金融支农水平提升的主要受益对象是新型农业经营主体,普通农户融资困境仍然没有缓解。第二,农信社改制后贷款结构的调整是符合其比较优势的,改制后贷款利润率没有下降。第三,农信社改制对金融支农的影响与所处的发展阶段息息相关,农信社所在地区的农业与工商业部门发展差距越小,农信社改制对金融支农的促进作用越大。因此,在城乡融合发展时期,应继续坚定地推进农村金融机构市场化改革,同时关注普通农户的融资困境问题。
Due to the neglect of the differences in the development stage,the impact of financial institutions’marketization on agricultural loans has become a controversial issue.From the perspective of the development gap of the agricultural sector and the commercial sector,this article analyzes the heterogeneous effect of market-oriented reform of financial institutions on agricultural loans.Based on the quasi-experiment of rural credit cooperatives’conversion into rural commercial banks,it conducts an empirical study by using the data collected from 982 rural credit cooperatives and rural commercial banks from 2010 to 2016.The study finds that,firstly,at the present stage,the conversion of rural credit cooperatives has significantly improved agricultural loans,but the main beneficiaries of the improvement of agricultural loans are new agricultural operators,and the financing difficulties faced by ordinary farmers were still not alleviated.Secondly,the adjustment of loan structure after the conversion of rural credit cooperatives is in line with its comparative advantages,and the loan interest rate has not decreased after the conversion.Thirdly,the impact of rural credit cooperatives’conversion on agricultural loans is closely related to its development stage.The smaller the development gap between the agricultural sector and the commercial sector in the regions where rural credit cooperatives are located,the greater the role of rural credit cooperatives’conversion in promoting agricultural loans.Therefore,in the period of urban and rural development integration,we should continue pushing forward the market-oriented reform of financial institutions and pay attention to the financing difficulties of ordinary farmers.
作者
马九杰
亓浩
吴本健
Ma Jiujie;Qi Hao;Wu Benjian
出处
《中国农村经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第11期79-96,共18页
Chinese Rural Economy
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目“数字金融发展在农村金融空间配给缓解和实体经济金融普惠中的作用研究”(批准号71973146)
国家自然科学基金青年项目“农村正规金融发展、金融空间演化与县域内城乡收入差距”(71603306)
北京市社会科学基金一般项目“有利于‘三农’和城市弱势群体的北京市普惠金融体系建设研究”(17YJB023)的资助。
关键词
农村金融机构市场化
农信社改制
金融支农
Market-oriented Reform of Financial Institution
Conversion of Rural Credit Cooperative
Agricultural Loan
