摘要
【目的】探讨山桐子果实生长发育过程中内含物、内源激素和光合特性的动态变化规律,为进一步研究山桐子果实发育机制及调控技术提供参考。【方法】以成都种源山桐子为研究对象,测定果实不同发育时期的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、MDA含量、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量;利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定吲哚乙酸(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GA 3)及玉米素核苷(ZR)的含量;利用LCpro-SD便携式光合仪测定植物的净光合速率(P n)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(G s)和胞间CO 2浓度(C i)。【结果】1)在山桐子果实发育的过程中,SOD和POD活性整体呈“下降-上升”趋势;CAT活性呈“上升-下降”趋势;MDA含量呈上升趋势;可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量呈“上升-下降”趋势。2)ABA含量在果实颜色变化期和成熟期迅速升高,GA 3含量整体呈上升的趋势;IAA含量在果实快速生长期较高;ZR含量在果实快速生长期和成熟期均较高;ABA、GA 3、ZR与可溶性蛋白呈显著正相关。3)在果实不同发育阶段,P n日变化呈不对称的双峰变化趋势,有明显的“光合午休”现象,且在生长缓慢期P n达到最高;果实发育各阶段的光响应曲线趋势相似,在果实生长缓慢期最大净光合速率(P nmax)最高,暗呼吸速率(R d)和光补偿点(LCP)最低;LCP与ABA、GA 3、ZR呈显著正相关;CO 2响应曲线表明,在果实生长缓慢期有较高的P nmax和CO 2饱和点(CSP)以及较低的CO 2补偿点(CCP)和光呼吸速率(R p)。【结论】山桐子果实不同发育时期中的抗氧化酶、ABA、IAA、GA 3和ZR含量的动态变化与果实的发育规律相吻合,对果实的发育进程起积极的调控作用。在山桐子的生长缓慢期有较大的光能和CO 2利用范围以及相对高的净光合速率,但此时高温干旱,G s增加,Tr也达到最高,应进行及时灌溉,以便维持较高的光合速率,为山桐子提供更多的光合产物来保证果实的优良品质。
【Objective】The objective of this study is to investigate and analyze the dynamic change patterns of photosynthetic characteristics,the contents and endogenous hormones in the process of fruit development of Idesia polycarpa,so as to provide reference for further study the mechanism of fruit development and regulation technology.【Methods】In this paper,I.polycarpa derived from Chengdu was taken as the research material.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,peroxidase(POD)activity,catalase(CAT)activity,the content of MDA,soluble protein and soluble sugar were measured at different stages of fruit development.The contents of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA),abscisic acid(ABA),gibberellin acid(GA 3)and zeatin nucleoside(ZR)were determined by HPLC.The indexes of net photosynthetic rate(P n),Transpiration rate(Tr),stomatal conductance(G s)and intercellular CO 2 concentration(C i)of plants were measured by LCpro-SD portable photosynthetic apparatus.【Results】1)SOD and POD activities showed overall a"down-rising"trend during the fruit development of I.polycarpa;CAT activity showed a"up-down"trend.MDA content showed an upward trend.The content of soluble sugar and soluble protein showed a"up-down"trend.2)ABA content increased rapidly in period of fruit color change and ripening,and GA 3 content increased as a whole.The content of IAA was higher in fruit growth stage.The content of ZR was higher in both rapid growth and ripening stage of fruit.There were significantly positively correlations between ABA,GA 3 and ZR with soluble protein.3)At different stages of fruit development,the diurnal change of P n showed an asymmetric bimodal change trend,with an obvious phenomenon of"photosynthetic siesta",In addition,P n was the highest at the slow growth stage.The trend of light response curve at different stages of fruit development was similar.The maximum net photosynthetic rate(P nmax)was the highest,and dark respiration(R d)and light saturation point(LCP)were the lowest at the slow fruit growth stage.LCP was positively correlated with ABA,GA 3 and ZR.The CO 2 response curve showed that there were higher P nmax and CSP,and lower CO 2 compensation point(CCP)and photorespiration rate(R p)at the slow growth stage.【Conclusion】The dynamic changes of antioxidant enzyme,ABA,IAA,GA 3 and ZR contents in the fruit of I.polycarpa at different development stages are consistent with the fruit development rules,which would play an active regulatory role in the fruit development process.At the slow growth stage of I.polycarpa,there is a wide range of light energy and CO 2 utilization range as well as the relatively high net photosynthetic rate.However,at this time,high temperature and drought,stomatal conductance increases and transpiration rate reaches the highest.Therefore,timely irrigation should be carried out to maintain a high photosynthetic rate and provide ample photosynthetic products for I.polycarpa to ensure the excellent quality of the fruit.
作者
房丽莎
徐自恒
刘震
李志
耿晓东
蔡齐飞
翟雯婧
周海清
王艳梅
Fang Lisha;Xu Ziheng;Liu Zhen;Li Zhi;Geng Xiaodong;Cai Qifei;Zhai Wenjing;Zhou Haiqing;Wang Yanmei(College of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002;Administration Bureau of Heiyan Town,Funiu Mountain National Nature Reserve,Nanyang 474550)
出处
《林业科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第11期41-52,共12页
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
基金
国家林业和草原局科技发展中心林业科技发展项目(生物安全与遗传资源管理目)(KJZXSA2019041)。
关键词
山桐子
果实
内含物
内源激素
光合特性
Idesia polycarpa
fruit growth
inclusions
endogenous hormones
photosynthesis characteristics
