摘要
为研究苏北鱼类群落组成及影响鱼类群落结构的重要环境因子,于2018年对淮河入海通道及附近水域进行了全面调查,共设采样点30个(S1~S30),采用非度量多维标度排序(NMDS)和冗余分析(RDA)方法对渔获物进行统计分析。结果表明:调查区域共采集鱼类53种9322尾,隶属于7目14科,以鲤形目Cypriniformes种类最多,其中,鲤科Cyprinidae占明显优势,其次是鲿科Bagridae、鰕虎鱼科Gobiidae;对鱼类群落空间分布特征进行分析,调查区域鱼类被划分为3个类群,其中,废黄河水域s23与灌河s25、s293个站位为一个类群,苏北灌溉总渠附近水域的s3、s4、s7、s10等9个站位为一个类群,射阳河及其支流水域的s13、s14、s16等18个站位为一个类群;调查站位中靠近废黄河和苏北灌溉总渠的Shannon-Weaver多样性指数(H′)、均匀度指数(J)、Margalef丰富度指数(R)数值较大,而Simpson优势度指数(λ)在调查区域分布相对均匀;采用冗余分析方法分析鱼类群落多样性与环境因子的关系,发现深度、浊度、pH、温度为影响调查区域鱼类群落结构差异的主要环境因子。研究表明,淮河入海通道及其附近水系鱼类均以鲤形目鲤科鱼类为主要组成种类。
The composition of fish community was surveyed in 30 sampling sites in the passage from Huaihe River to sea and its adjacent river system including Main Irrigation Canal in northern Jiangsu Province,Guanhe River,Abandoned Huanghe River,Sheyanghe River,and tributary in August and November 2018 by 3 layer gill nets with different meshes to grasp the important environmental factors affecting the structure of fish community,and to provide scientific basis for the protection and management of fish resources in Jiangsu Province.Statistical analysis was conducted on the catches using non-metric multidimensional scale sequencing(NMDS)and redundancy analysis(RDA)methods.A total of 9322 samples were collected including 53 species,belonging to 7 orders and 14 families,with the most abundant species,the dominant fish in Cyprinidae,followed by Scorpidae and Goldfish.The analysis of spatial distribution characteristics of fish communities showed that the fishes in the surveyed area were divided into three groups,a group of s23,s25 and s29 sites,a group of s3,s4,s7 and s10 sites,and a group of s13,s14 and s16 sites.There were higher Shannon-Weaver diversity index(H′),evenness index(J),Margalef richness index(R)and Simpson dominance index(λ)in the area near the abandoned Yellow River and the relatively uniform spatial distribution pattern was observed in the main irrigation canal in northern Jiangsu.It was found that depth,turbidity,pH and temperature were the main environmental factors affecting the differences in fish community structure in the investigated area.Comparing with the previous data,there was no significant change in the composition and structure of the fish.The findings indicated that species in Cyprinidae were the main species of fish in the Huaihe River channel and its adjacent waterways.
作者
徐田振
徐东坡
周彦锋
景丽
葛优
张晏江
赵立祥
刘鹏飞
XU Tianzhen;XU Dongpo;ZHOU Yanfeng;JING Li;GE You;ZHANG Yanjiang;ZHAO Lixiang;LIU Pengfei(Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Lower Reaches of the Changjiang River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affaris, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China)
出处
《大连海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期914-921,共8页
Journal of Dalian Ocean University
基金
江苏省水生生物资源重大专项(ZYHB16)。
关键词
淮河
鱼类群落
多样性分析
空间分布
环境因子
Huaihe River
fish community
diversity
spatial distribution
environmental factor
