摘要
目的了解医学与非医学在校专科生健康素养水平的分布差异,为高职类院校健康教育工作的开展提供参考与建议。方法依据《2012年中国居民健康素养监测问卷》,对分层整群抽取的919名在校医学与非医专科生进行网络调查。结果医学与非医学专科生整体健康素养具备率分别为29.6%和16.7%,健康素养水平为(74.6±9.6)分和(70.2±8.9)分;医学专科男生在“健康生活方式与行为”“基本技能”方面,较同专业女生优势明显,而非医学专科女生在整体及三个方面(基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本技能)健康素养水平上均较同专业男生有显著优势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。年级之间,医学专科生的整体与“基本知识和理念”水平在大三阶段水平最高,大二最低,而非医学专科生大一阶段则为最高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),大二和大三之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。同年级同性别比较,在大二阶段医学专科女生的整体素养水平低于非医学专科女生(“基本知识与理念”除外),至大三阶段“整体健康素养水平”优势又恢复,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论医学与非医专科生在各自性别、年级层面上的健康素养水平分布存在显著不同,大二阶段开始是健康素养下滑的关键期,对健康素养的干预应根据学生的不同特征进行系统化、持续性开展。
Objective To realize the difference of health literacy between medical and non-medical college students and provide the references and suggestions for the development of health education in vocational colleges.Methods According to the questionnaire of Chinese citizens’health literacy in 2012,919 medical and non-medical college students were surveyed on the Internet.Results The overall health literacy rates of medical and non-medical college students were 29.6%and 16.7%respectively,and the scores of the health literacy level were(74.6±9.6)and(70.2±8.9).In the aspects of“healthy life style and behavior”and“basic skills”,the male students in medical college had a significant advantage over the female students in the same major;while the female students in non-medical college had significant advantages in overall and three aspects(basic knowledge and concepts,healthy lifestyles and beha-viors,and basic skills)health literacy levels compared to male students in the same major,the different were statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of overall and“basic knowledge and ideas”of the medical college students were the highest in junior year,and were lowest in sophomore year,while for non-medical college students,were the highest in freshman year(P<0.05),there was no statistical difference in the sophomore and junior year(P>0.05).Compared with the same class and gender,overall health literacy levels of female medical college students were lower than female non-medical co-llege students in sophomore year(except“basic knowledge and ideas”),but the advantage of overall level recovered in junior year(P<0.05).Conclusion There were significant differences in the distribution of health literacy between medical and non-medical college students at different genders and class levels.The sophomore was the critical period for the decline of health literacy.The intervention of health literacy should be carried out systematically and continuously according to the different characteristics of students.
作者
刘国良
王慧霞
王国杰
孙静
LIU Guoliang;WANG Huixia;WANG Guojie;SUN Jing(Department of Preventive Medicine, Henan Medical College,Zhengzhou Henan 451191, China;Department of Preventive Medicine, Luohe Medical College,Luohe Henan 462002,China)
出处
《河南医学高等专科学校学报》
2020年第6期652-656,共5页
Journal of Henan Medical College
基金
河南省教育科学“十三五”规划2018年度一般课题(2018-JKGHYB-0494)
2019年度河南省高等学校重点科研项目(19A330002)。
关键词
健康素养
医学专科生
非医学专科生
比较分析
health literacy
medical college student
non-medical college student
comparative analysis
