摘要
阻隔性材料在包装和保护应用中越来越重要,而常见的阻隔聚合物(如聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯醇等)普遍存在机械强度低、对小分子阻隔性差的缺点,因此开发高阻隔性材料成为新的研究方向。石墨烯是具有较大长径比和比表面积的二维层状纳米填料,在基体材料中能够构建稳定的填料网络,形成曲折的分子移动路径。氧化石墨烯表面存在大量含氧官能团,可以与极性分子形成强烈的相互作用,从而抑制小分子的迁移,提高复合材料的阻隔性能。首先概述了石墨烯及其衍生物的阻隔性能,然后介绍了石墨烯改性以及石墨烯纳米复合材料的制备方法,并对不同改性以及制备方法的优缺点进行了比较,最后基于当前对石墨烯复合材料阻隔性能的研究,重点对其在阻燃抑烟、塑料改性、包装防腐、分离膜与分子过滤、橡胶等领域的应用进行介绍,对石墨烯作为填料增强复合材料阻隔性能的研究进行一个展望。
Barrier materials are becoming more and more important in packaging and protection applications,while common barrier polymers,such as polyethylene,polypropylene,polyvinyl alcohol,etc.,generally have the disadvantages of low mechanical strength and poor barrier to small molecules.Therefore,the development of high barrier materials has become a new research direction.Graphene is a two-dimensional layered nano-filler with large aspect ratio and specific surface area,which can build a stable filler network and form a tortuous molecular movement path in the matrix material.There are a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of graphene oxide,which can form a strong interaction with polar molecules,so as to inhibit the migration of small molecules and improve the barrier properties of the composites.In this paper,the barrier properties of graphene and its derivatives were summarized,then the modification of graphene and the preparation methods of graphene nanocomposites were introduced,and the advantages and disadvantages of different modification and preparation methods were compared.Finally,based on the current research on the barrier properties of graphene composites,it focused on its application in the fields of flame retardant and smoke suppression,plastic modification,packaging anticorrosion,separation membrane and molecular filtration,rubber and so on,and looked forward to the research of graphene as filler to strengthen the barrier properties of composites.
作者
李昊
魏杰
张亚男
顾忠伟
胡玉冰
姜炜
LI Hao;WEI Jie;ZHANG Yanan;GU Zhongwei;HU Yubing;JIANG Wei(School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 211816, China;Institute of Chemical Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China)
出处
《功能材料》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第12期12036-12044,共9页
Journal of Functional Materials
基金
江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(No.BK20180698,BK20180495)。
