摘要
试验旨在探讨猪抗逆能力的品种差异以及营养手段干预猪抗逆能力的可行性,为猪抗逆性相关研究提供一定理论基础。试验采用双因素交叉试验设计,从12窝杂交F1代(杜滇,即杜洛克♂×滇南小耳猪♀,6窝;杜藏,即杜洛克♂×迪庆藏猪♀,6窝)选取48头仔猪[每窝选4头,公母各半,初生重为(0.9±0.23)kg]作为试验对象,随机分配至饲喂方式不同的母乳组、代乳粉组、益生菌组3个试验组开展饲养试验。试验结果表明,21~28、7~28日龄的杜藏仔猪平均日采食量显著高于杜滇仔猪(P<0.05),不同日龄的杜藏、杜滇仔猪体增重差异不显著(P>0.05),杜藏仔猪的腹泻频率、死亡率低于杜滇仔猪;饲喂方式对杜藏、杜滇仔猪平均日采食量、体增重均有显著影响(P<0.05),益生菌组与代乳粉组相比,7~20、21~28日龄及7~28日龄的仔猪平均日采食量分别提高了7.64、14.10、10.36 g,代乳粉组与益生菌组7~20日龄仔猪的体增重呈负增长,但益生菌组的负增长值小于代乳粉组,仔猪腹泻频率表现为代乳粉组>益生菌组>母乳组,代乳组与益生菌组仔猪的死淘率均为12.5%,母乳组无仔猪死亡。总之,试验通过比较仔猪在人为设置应激条件下的平均日采食量、体增重及腹泻频率、死亡情况,表明仔猪的抗逆能力具有品种差异,杜藏仔猪抗逆能力强于杜滇仔猪,这一抗逆能力的差异可能与作为母本的地方猪种自身的抗逆性有极大的相关性;此外,试验还初步表明添加益生菌可以改善仔猪的抗逆能力,这也意味着通过营养手段可以干预猪抗逆能力。
The aim of this study was to explore the breed differences of pig's stress resistance and the feasibility of nutrition intervention in pig's stress resistance,and to provide a theoreti⁃cal basis for pig's stress resistance.Two-factor crossover design was adopted in the experiment.48 piglets[4 piglets from each litter,half male and half female,birth weight(0.9±0.23)kg]as experimental objects which was selected from 12 litters of F1 hybrids(Dudian,Duroc×Diannan small ear pig,6 litters;Duzang,Duroc×Diqing Tibet⁃an pig,6 litters),and randomly assigned to three experimental groups with different feeding methods:breast milk group,milk powder group and probiotics group to carry out feeding experiments.The re⁃sults showed that the average daily feed intake of Duzang piglets at 21~28 days and 7~28 days was significantly higher than that of Dudian piglets(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in body weight gain between Duzang piglets and Dudian piglets at different days(P>0.05),and the diar⁃rhea rate and mortality rate of Duzang piglets were lower than that of Dudian piglets.Feeding methods have significant effects on the average daily feed intake and body weight gain of piglets in Duzang and Dudian(P<0.05).Compared with the milk substitute group,the average daily feed intake of piglets aged 7~20,21~28 and 7~28 days increased by 7.64 g,14.10 g and 10.36 g respectively.The weight gain of piglets at 7~20 days in milk powder group and probiotic group showed negative growth,but the negative growth value of probiotic group was less than that in milk powder group.The diarrhea rate of piglets is in the order of milk powder group>probiotics group>breast milk group.The death rate of piglets in milk powder group and probiotics group is 12.5%.No piglets died in breast milk group.In a word,by comparing the average daily feed intake,body weight gain,diarrhea and death of piglets un⁃der artificially set stress conditions,it shows that the stress resistance of piglets is different among breeds,and the stress resistance of Duzang piglets is stronger than that of Dudian piglets,which may be greatly due to the stress resistance of local pigs as female parents;In addition,the experiment also showed that adding probiotics can improve the stress resistance of piglets,which means that nutrition can interfere with the stress resistance of pigs.
作者
郭飞
刘韶娜
张斌
方晨
赵智勇
沙茜
赵素梅
赵彦光
Guo Fei;Liu Shaona;Zhang Bin;Fang Chen;Zhao Zhiyong;Sha Qian;Zhao Sumei;Zhao Yanguang
出处
《饲料工业》
北大核心
2020年第24期33-37,共5页
Feed Industry
基金
国家自然科学基金项目[31760645、31260592、31060331]
云南省重点研发项目[2018BB003]
云南省省级财政项目[20151105562255]。
关键词
仔猪
代乳粉
益生菌
抗逆能力
营养干预
piglets
milk substitute
probiotics
stress resistance
nutritional intervention
