摘要
目的探讨养老机构老年人认知功能的异质性轨迹及其预测因素。方法2016年5月至2017年7月,采用简易精神状态评价量表、简易体能状况量表、社会网络量表对济南市5个区26家养老机构的268名老年人进行调查,并在基线调查6、12个月再次评估老年人的认知功能。采用潜类别增长分析拟合老年人的认知功能轨迹。结果268名老年人完成至少两次调查,拟合了3条认知功能轨迹,分别为高维持组(37.7%)、中维持组(36.6%)和低下降组(25.7%);Logistic回归分析表明,性别、受教育年限、运动功能、社会支持是认知功能轨迹的预测因素(均P<0.05)。结论养老机构老年人的认知功能存在异质性轨迹,女性、受教育年限越短、运动功能越差、社会支持不足的老年人,越有可能被分配到低下降组。针对此类人群,养老机构工作人员应及时采取可行的干预措施预防和延缓其认知功能的下降,提高其生活质量。
Objective To investigate the cognitive function trajectories among nursing home residents and the predicting factors.Methods From May 2016 to July 2017,268 residents from 26 nursing homes in 5 districts of Ji’nan were investigated by Mini-Mental State Examination scale,Short Physical Performance Battery and Lubben Social Network Scale.The residents were surveyed at baseline and reassessed cognitive function at 6 months and 12 months during the follow-up period.Latent class growth analysis were adopted to identify cognitive function trajectories among nursing home residents.Results A total of 268 residents completed at least two surveys.Three cognitive function trajectories were identified:high-level maintenance(37.7%),medium-level maintenance(36.6%)and low decline(25.7%).Logistic regression analysis showed that gender,years of education,physical function and social support could predict cognitive function trajectories(all P<0.05).Conclusions Nursing home residents had distinct cognitive function trajectories.Residents who were female,less-educated,with poorer physical function and with inadequate social support were more likely to have low decline.For the above-mentioned group,feasible interventions should be made to improve their cognitive function and improve the quality of life.
作者
杨媛
徐东娟
杨臻华
李明
王克芳
YANG Yuan;XU Dongjuan;YANG Zhenhua;LI Ming;WANG Kefang(School of Nursing,Shandong University,Ji'nan 250012,Shandong Province,China;School of Nursing,Purdue University,West Lafayette 47907,Indiana,USA)
出处
《解放军护理杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第12期22-25,共4页
Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(18YJAZH043)
山东省社会科学规划研究项目(18CSHJ07)。
关键词
养老机构
老年人
认知功能
轨迹
nursing home
elder adults
cognitive function
trajectory
