摘要
近几年随着电动汽车的普及,废旧锂离子电池的数量也迅速增长,从环境保护和资源利用的角度来说,废旧锂离子电池回收是必然的趋势,然而目前废旧锂离子电池的回收技术由于二次污染、成本高的问题,并未得到广泛的应用,因此寻求更加绿色环保经济高效的回收技术迫在眉睫。湿法冶金回收技术因其能量需求低、回收产物纯度高、成本低而成为废旧锂离子电池回收方法中最具有前景的工艺。本文通过对相关文献的研究,综述了目前湿法冶金回收技术中有机酸对废旧锂离子电池中金属浸出的影响,着重介绍了酸浸过程中苹果酸、柠檬酸、草酸等有机酸的特点,重点比较了各种有机酸在浸出过程中的反应条件以及金属浸出效率,分析了浸出过程中有机酸与活性物质的浸出动力学。综合分析表明,通过对浸出动力学进行探究,能够优化影响金属浸出的因素,提升金属浸出效率,进而提高湿法冶金回收技术的整体回收效率。在未来的发展中,有机酸的浸出动力学有望成为湿法冶金回收工艺研究的重要方向。
In the recent years,the number of spent lithium-ion batteries has rapidly increased with the popularity of electric vehicles.Hence,the development of a recycling technology has become an urgent matter from the viewpoint of environmental protection and resource utilization.However,the recycling technology for spent lithium-ion batteries has not been widely used because of secondary pollution and high cost,which has consequently resulted to an urgent call for a green,economical,and efficient recycling technology.The hydrometallurgical technology is the most promising technology in recycling spent lithium-ion batteries because of its low energy demand,high purity,and low cost.This paper reviews the effects of organic acids on the hydrometallurgical recovery technology on metal leaching in spent lithium-ion batteries,introduces the characteristics of malic acid,citric acid,oxalic acid,and other organic acids in the acid leaching process,compares the reaction conditions of various organic acids in the leaching process and the efficiency of metal leaching,and analyzes the leaching kinetics between organic acids and active substances during the leaching process.The comprehensive analysis shows that the factors affecting metal leaching can be optimized;the metal leaching efficiency can be improved;and the overall recovery efficiency of the hydrometallurgical recovery technology can be elevated by exploring the leaching kinetics.In the future,the leaching kinetics of organic acids is expected to become an important research direction in the hydrometallurgical recovery process.
作者
李林林
曹林娟
麦永雄
门一飞
杨伟
陈胜洲
LI Linlin;CAO Linjuan;MAI Yongxiong;MEN Yifei;YANG Wei;CHEN Shengzhou(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China)
出处
《储能科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
2020年第6期1641-1650,共10页
Energy Storage Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金(21776051)
广东省自然科学基金(2018A030313423)。
关键词
废旧锂离子电池
湿法冶金
有机酸
反应机理
spent lithium-ion batteries
hydrometallurgy
organic acid
mechanis
