摘要
油罐油品蒸气排入大气将会造成能源浪费、环境污染,其中压力和温度变化是引起油罐内油品蒸发的主要因素。针对油罐的呼吸损耗,以API理论计算公式为基础,推导出压力罐对呼吸损耗的最低降耗率的计算公式,从而提出通过增加油罐呼吸阀控制压力来减少呼吸损耗,甚至完全消除小呼吸损耗。分析温度变化对单体烃(丙烷、正丁烷、异丁烷、正戊烷及正己烷)和不同油品(93#汽油、97#汽油、石脑油、煤油、柴油及番禺原油)膨胀因子的影响情况,结果表明:在设计储罐时,存储不同组分、不同种类的油品,应采用不同的设计压力并选用合适压力的呼吸阀,通过增加壁厚来增加控制因子,从而减少储罐呼吸损耗。研究成果可为油罐设计和油库管理提供理论参考。
If the oil vapor from the tanks is discharged into the atmosphere,the environment pollution will be caused and the human health will be threated.Definitely,pressure and temperature changes are the main factors causing evaporation of oil products in the tank.As for the breathing loss of oil tanks,the formula concerning the minimal reduction rate of the breathing loss of pressure tanks was derived based on the API theoretical formula,so as to reduce the breathing loss,even to completely eliminate the small breathing loss,by controlling the pressure with a breather valve of oil tank.According to the analysis on influence of temperature change on expansion factor of monomer hydrocarbon(propane,n-butane,isobutene,n-pentane and n-hexane)and various oil products(93#gasoline,97#gasoline,naphtha,kerosene,diesel oil and Panyu crude oil),the results show that when the storage pressure of the tanks is designed for oil products of different types and compositions,tank with different design pressure shall be adopted.In addition,appropriate type of breather valve can be used,or the tank wall can be thickened to increase the control factor,further to reduce the breathing loss of tank.The research results could be used as theoretical reference for oil tank design and oil depot management.
作者
方洁
黄维秋
吕爱华
FANG Jie;HUANG Weiqiu;LYU Aihua(School of Petroleum Engineering,Changzhou University//Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oil-Gas Storage and Transportation Technology)
出处
《油气储运》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第12期1422-1429,共8页
Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目“储油罐石油蒸发及油气排放扩散的数值模拟及风洞实验研究”,51574044
江苏省重点研发计划“产业前瞻与共性关键技术”,BE2018065。
关键词
油罐
蒸发损耗
控制压力
温差
压差
oil tank
evaporation loss
control pressure
temperature difference
pressure difference
