摘要
桃树耐盐碱能力差,适合在中性和微酸性土壤中生长,在含盐量高和碱性土壤中往往生长不良。因此本试验以盆栽‘瑞光39/毛桃’为试材,利用Ca基蒙脱土(T1)、有机蒙脱土(T2)、麦饭石(T3)、复合纳米硅(T4)和吸湿纳米粘合剂(T5)处理,探究不同改良剂对土壤理化性质、土壤微生物群落结构及植株生长的影响。结果表明:(1)不同土壤改良剂对碱性土壤p H值与电导率效果不同,其中T4和T5处理显著降低土壤p H值与电导率,T5效果最为显著,与对照相比,p H值和土壤电导率分别降低4.54%和35.57%。(2)不同改良剂不同程度提高土壤含水量,减少土壤水分散失,其中T5效果最好,与对照相比,土壤含水量提高29.90%,差异显著。(3)T4和T5对土壤微生物群落结构影响较大,均增加真菌中子囊菌门、担子菌门和细菌中变形菌门、酸杆菌门等有益菌的相对丰度,增加微生物物种多样性,T5较T4处理对微生物的效果更显著。(4)不同改良剂处理显著提高桃叶片叶绿素SPAD值和净光合速率,与对照相比,T5和T4净光合速率分别提高17.93%和24.47%。(5)T4、T5处理显著增加植株根表面积、根体积,其中T5处理根体积较CK增加173.05%、根表面积增加49.07%。综上,不同改良剂能够不同程度地改善土壤微环境,提高植株净光合速率,增加生物量,促进根系生长,以吸湿纳米粘合剂处理效果最好。
Peach trees have poor saline-alkaline tolerance and are suitable for growing in neutral and slightly acidic soils.They tend to grow poorly in high-salt soils and alkaline soils.In this study,‘Ruiguang 39/peach’was used as test material and treated with Ca-based montmorillonite(T1),organic montmorillonite(T2),maifanite(T3),composite nano-silicon(T4)and hygroscopic nano-binder(T5)to explore the effects of different soil amendments on soil physical and chemical properties,soil microbial community structure and plant growth.The results were as follows.(1)Different soil amendments had different effects on p H value and conductivity of alkaline soil.T4 and T5 treatments significantly reduced p H value and conductivity,and T5 had the most significant effect,and the pH value and conductivity were reduced by 4.54%and 35.57%,respectively compared with the control.(2)Different soil amendments increased soil water content to different extents and reduced soil water loss.Among them,T5 had the best effect,and the soil water content increased by 29.90%,which had significant difference compared with the control.(3)T4 and T5 had greater impacts on the soil microbial community structure,and increased the abundance of beneficial fungi such as Ascomycota and Basidiomycete,and beneficial bacteria such as Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria.The diversity of microbial species also increased,and T5 treatment had better effect on microorganisms than T4 treatment.(4)The treatment with different soil amendments significantly increased the SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate of peach leaves,the net photosynthetic rates of T5 and T4 treaments increased by 17.93%and 24.47%respectively compared with the control.(5)T4 and T5 treatments significantly increased root surface area and root volume.T5 treatment increased the root volume by 173.05%and the root surface area by 49.07%compared to the control.In summary,different soil amendments could improve the soil microenvironment to different degrees,increase the net photosynthetic rate of plants,increase plant biomass,promote root growth,and the effect of hygroscopic nano-binder was the best.
作者
王红
张淑辉
彭福田
肖元松
孙茂祥
鲍聪聪
Wang Hong;Zhang Shuhui;Peng Futian;Xiao Yuansong;Sun Maoxiang;Bao Congcong(College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
2020年第12期59-65,70,共8页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-30-2-02)
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1000203)
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2017BC017)
山东省“双一流”建设奖补资金项目(SYL2017YSTD10)。
关键词
桃
土壤改良剂
土壤含水量
土壤微生物
植株生长
Peach
Soil amendments
Soil moisture content
Soil microorganisms
Plant growth
