摘要
目的:探讨孕期生活事件、社会支持与孕妇焦虑、抑郁和幸福感的关系。方法:采用孕期生活事件量表、社会支持量表、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表和幸福感问卷对265名孕妇进行问卷调查。结果:(1)入组孕妇的重度焦虑发生率为1.13%,重度抑郁发生率为2.26%;(2)焦虑组和非焦虑组孕妇在主观生活事件、客观生活事件OE1和OE3上的差异具有统计学意义(Z=2.422,2.119,2.628;P<0.05),抑郁组和非抑郁组孕妇在主观生活事件和客观生活事件OE2上的差异具有统计学意义(Z=3.928,3.427,2.252,3.395;P<0.05);(3)主观生活事件与幸福感显著负相关(r=-0.128,P<0.05),社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持和支持利用度与幸福感显著正相关(r=0.230,0.158,0.171,0.187;P<0.05),孕期生活事件总分、主观生活事件、客观生活事件(OE1、OE2、OE3)与焦虑显著正相关(r=0.296,0.297,0.137,0.153,0.211;P<0.05),孕期生活事件总分、主观生活事件、客观生活事件OE2与抑郁显著正相关(r=0.171,0.169,0.174;P<0.05),社会支持总分、主观支持与焦虑显著负相关(r=-0.138,-0.172;P<0.05);(4)主观社会支持是幸福感的正向预测变量(β=0.147,t=2.382,P<0.05)和焦虑的负向预测变量(β=-0.137,t=-2.383,P<0.05),主观生活事件显著预测焦虑(β=0.194,t=3.271,P<0.01),客观生活事件OE2和OE3分别正向预测抑郁(β=0.138,t=2.114,P<0.05)和焦虑(β=0.201,t=3.362,P<0.01)。结论:孕妇存在较为普遍的焦虑和抑郁情绪,孕期生活事件降低孕妇的幸福感,增加了焦虑和抑郁的发生可能,社会支持有助于提高幸福感并缓解焦虑情绪。
Objective:To explore the relationship between pregnancy life events,social support and anxiety,depression and well-being of pregnant women.Methods:A sample of 265 pregnant women was selected and investigated with Events Scale for Pregnant Woman,Social Support Appraisal Scale,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale.Results:The prevalence of severe anxiety and depression among pregnant women were 1.13%and 2.26%,respectively.The scores of subjective life events and objective life events of OE1 and OE3 were significantly different between anxious and non-anxious pregnant women(Z=2.422,2.119,2.628;P<0.05).The scores of subjective life events and objective life events of OE2 were significantly different between depressive and non-depressive pregnant women(Z=3.928,3.427,2.252,3.395;P<0.05).The score of well-being was negatively correlated with the total score of life events(r=-0.128,P<0.05),while positively related with the total score of social support and subscale score of objective support,subjective support and utilization of support(r=0.230,0.158,0.171,0.187;P<0.05).The score of anxiety was positively correlated with the total score of life events and subscale scores of subjective events and objective events of OE1,OE2,OE3(r=0.296,0.297,0.137,0.153,0.211;P<0.05),while negatively correlated with the scores of social support and subjective support(r=-0.138,-0.172;P<0.05).The score of depression was positively correlated with the total score of life events and subscale scores of subjective events and objective events of OE2(r=0.171,0.169,0.174;P<0.05).The score of subjective support positively predicted well-being(β=0.147,t=2.382,P<0.05)and negatively predicted anxiety(β=-0.137,t=-2.383,P<0.05).The score of subjective events positively predicted anxiety(β=0.194,t=3.271,P<0.01),while the scores of objective events of OE2 and OE3 positively predicted depression(β=0.138,t=2.114,P<0.05)and anxiety(β=0.201,t=3.362,P<0.01)respectively.Conclusion:The prevalence of antenatal anxious and depressive symptoms among pregnant women is common.The pregnancy life events can decrease the well-being and increase the anxious and depressive symptoms of pregnant women.Social support helps improve the feeling of well-being and relieve anxious.
作者
罗鑫宇
焦国硕
修莉芸
陈井婷
李文福
LUO Xinyu;JIAO Guoshuo;XIU Liyun(School of Mental Health,Jining Medical University,Jining 272067,China)
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
2020年第12期1761-1766,共6页
China Journal of Health Psychology
基金
山东省自然科学基金(编号:ZR2016CL10)
2018年度大学生创新创业训练计划项目(编号:201810443014,cx2018055)
济宁医学院教育科学研究项目(编号:18034)
济宁医学院国家自然科学基金培育项目(编号:JYP201706)
济宁医学院教师科研扶持基金(编号:JYFC2019KJ011)。
关键词
孕妇
生活事件
社会支持
焦虑
抑郁
幸福感
Pregnant women
Pregnancy life events
Social support
Anxiety
Depression
Well-being
