摘要
复杂难选铁矿石难以开发利用的主要原因是由于其嵌布关系复杂、嵌布粒度不均匀以及成分复杂等导致其难以解离。针对复杂难选铁矿石解离难度大的问题,分析了影响矿石解离的内部因素和外部因素,并指出了在现阶段工业生产中存在的问题。为了解决这一难题,提出采用热处理、超声波、助磨剂、酸浸等辅助解离的预处理方法,介绍了其原理、研究进展及应用现状,并对上述各方法的优缺点及存在的问题进行了总结。热处理法分为传统热处理和微波热处理,传统热处理具有方法简单、处理能力大的优点,但处理时间过长、效果不够显著,而微波热处理具有选择性强、处理时间短及效果显著的优点,但设备较贵、处理能力小;超声波法具有处理时间短、不易发生过磨且得到的产品粒度较为均匀的优点,但对设备具有一定的要求且选择性较差;助磨剂具有用量少、效果好、操作简单等优点,但需要考虑对后续选别的影响;酸浸能够有效地延展矿石裂缝并降低矿石强度,但存在环境友好问题。除上述研究较多的预处理方法外,还提出了冷冻处理应用于复杂难选铁矿石的可行性。分析认为根据矿石自身性质选择合适的预处理方法对于提高复杂难选铁矿石的解离效果以及实现选择性解离具有重要意义。
It is difficult to develop and utilize complex refractory iron ores. The fundamental reasons are attributed todifficult dissociation due to the complex disseminated mineralogical relationship,grain size and complex composition. Inview of the difficulty of liberation of complex refractory iron ore,this paper analys the influencing factors of ore dissociationfrom internal and external aspects,and points out the existing problems and challenges currently hindering industrial produc-tion or commercialization. In order to solve this problem,heat treatment,ultrasonic,grinding aids,acid leaching and otherauxiliary dissociation pretreatment methods are proposed. Principles,research progress and application status of the pro-posed solutions are introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of the above methods and the existing challenges are sum-marized. The heat treatment is categorized into traditional or conventional heat treatment and microwave heat treatment. Thetraditional heat treatment has the advantages of simple method and large treatment capacity,but the treatment time is toolong and the effect is not obvious. The microwave heat treatment has the advantages of strong selectivity,short treatmenttime and remarkable effect,but the equipment is expensive and the treatment capacity is small;ultrasonic has the advantag-es of short treatment time,not easy to over wear and concentrated product particles,but it has certain requirements forequipment and poor selectivity;grinding aid has the advantages of less dosage,good effect and simple operation,but itneeds to consider the impact on subsequent beneficiation;acid leaching can effectively extend the ore fracture and reducethe ore strength,but there are associated environmental problems. In addition to the pretreatment methods mentioned above,the feasibility of applying freezing treatment to complex refractory iron ores is put forward. It is very important to select suitable pretreatment method according to the properties of the ore to improve the liberation effect,realize the selective dissocia-tion and enhance commercialization of complex refractory iron ore.
作者
程翔宇
钱功明
蔡先炎
KONADU-YIADOM Ernest
CHENG Xiangyu;QIAN Gongming;CAI Xianyan;KONADU-YIADOM Ernest(College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China;Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources,Wuhan 430081,China)
出处
《金属矿山》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第12期1-11,共11页
Metal Mine
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51704214)
中央引导地方科技发展专项(湖北省科技厅)(编号:2019ZYYD060)。
关键词
复杂难选铁矿石
预处理
磨矿效率
选择性解离
complex refractory iron ore
pretreatment
grinding efficiency
selective liberation
