摘要
海巴洛沟位于滇西北横断山区,2019年7月28日凌晨2:40暴发泥石流灾害,为科学准确开展该区域泥石流监测预警和综合防治工作,保障海巴洛沟流域中下游香丽(香格里拉至丽江)高速公路建设和运营安全,本文根据实地、无人机航拍及遥感调查,结合室内试验和分析计算,对本次泥石流特征及成因进行研究。本次泥石流平均容重为16.77kN·m^-3,属稀性泥石流,洪峰流量为528.16m 3·s^-1,属特大泥石流。受地质、气候条件综合作用,海巴洛沟流域内物源包含3类:河谷区沟道侧岸滑坡体、高位冰碛物和高位寒冻风化碎屑。本次泥石流发生在27日晚至28日凌晨主体降雨过程的尾部,根据对2019年8~10月海巴洛沟流域9次降雨过程的监测,发现该区域降雨具有主体过程为6h、降雨量随海拔升高而显著增加的时空分布特征。激发本次泥石流的强降雨集中分布在哈巴雪山西侧海拔4200~4800m的峰脊区,6h降雨过程平均降雨量为60.43mm。激发水源除降雨外,还包含峰脊区内冰川融水,经计算本次6h降雨过程中冰川平均消融水当量为17.29mm。本文研究成果可为滇西北横断山区降雨-冰川融水混合型泥石流监测预警及防治提供可靠科学依据。
The Haibalo Gully located in the Hengduan Mountain region in northwest Yunnan,where a debris flow broke out at 2:40 am on July 28,2019.In order to scientifically and accurately carry out debris flow monitoring,early warning and comprehensive prevention work in this area and guarantee the construction and operation safety of Xiangli(Shangri-La to Lijiang)highway in the middle and lower reaches of Haibalo Valley,this paper studied the characteristics and genesis of this debris flow according to the field survey,UAV aerial photography and remote sensing,combined with indoor experimental analysis and calculation.For this debris,the maximum bulk density was 16.77kN·m^-3,so it belonged to low-viscosity debris flow,with flood-peak discharge about 528.16m 3·s^-1.Under the influence of geological and climatic conditions,there are 3 types of source in Haibalo Gully,landslide mass on side bank of gully in valley area,moraine and frozen weathered debris in the high position.The debris flow occurred at the tail of the main rainfall process from the evening of the 27 th to the early morning of the 28 th.According to the monitoring of 9 rainfall processes in Haibalo Gully Basin from August to October in 2019,we found that the main process of rainfall in this area is 6 hours,and the precipitation increases significantly with the elevation.The heavy rainfall that triggered the debris flow concentrated in the peak ridge area of 4200~4800m in the west of Haba snow mountain,and the average rainfall was 60.43mm in the main rainfall process of 6h.In addition to the rainfall,the excitation factors also contain glacier melt water in the peak ridge area.According to calculation,the average melting water equivalent of the glacier is 17.29mm during the 6h rainfall.The achievements of this study can provide a reliable scientific basis for the monitoring,early warning and prevention of the rainfall glacier-malt-water mixed type debris flow in the Hengduan Mountain region of northwest Yunnan.
作者
赵鑫
张海太
赵志芳
夏龙松
刘斌
李亚军
李春晓
陈宁生
王政
ZHAO Xin;ZHANG Haitai;ZHAO Zhifang;XIA Longsong;LIU Bin;LI Yajun;LI Chunxiao;CHEN Ningsheng;WANG Zheng(National Engineering Laboratory for Surface Transportation Weather Impacts Prevention,Broadvision Engineering Consultants Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650031,China;Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan LiXiang Highway Investment&Development Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650217,China;School of Earth Sciences,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China;Diqing Prefecture Meteorology Bureau,Shangri-la 674699,China;The Fourth Construction Co.,Ltd.,of Yunnan Construction and Investment Holding Group Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650217,China;Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,Chengdu 610041,China)
出处
《工程地质学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期1339-1349,共11页
Journal of Engineering Geology
基金
交通运输部科技示范项目(资助号:2017-09)
国家重点研发计划资助(资助号:2018YFC1504906)
云南大学第十二届研究生科研创新项目(资助号:2020192)
云南省基础研究计划项目青年项目(资助号:2019FD003).
关键词
滇西北
横断山区
海巴洛沟
6h降雨过程
冰川融水
混合型泥石流
Northwest Yunnan
Hengduan Mountain region
Haibalo gully
6h-rainfall process
Glacier melting
Mixed type debris flow
