摘要
为探究中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园中蝙蝠物种多样性及季节变化对蝙蝠物种保护的重要意义,本研究自2019年1—12月在热带雨林地区进行定期声学监测实验并结合2017—2019年竖琴网、雾网捕获情况,共记录到5科14属32种蝙蝠。其中狐蝠科4种、蝙蝠科12种、蹄蝠科5种、菊头蝠科11种。研究表明该地区蝙蝠科、菊头蝠科蝙蝠具有最高的物种多样性,菊头蝠科蝙蝠具有最高的活动强度。32种蝙蝠均具有东洋界的分布特点,但仍有部分蝙蝠科和菊头蝠科蝙蝠在古北界青藏区分布,表明该地区生物分布具有从亚热带向热带过渡的趋势。温度是影响蝙蝠活动强度和物种多样性季节变化的主要因素,而热带蝙蝠的活动对季节变化的响应更为剧烈。旱季时期蹄蝠科蝙蝠具有明显的迁移行为,是该地区物种多样性变化不可忽视的原因。
We studied bat species diversity and the significance of its seasonal variation for bat conservation in Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Yunnan,China.From January 2019 to December 2019,we conducted regular acoustic monitoring experiments.From 2017 to 2019,we used harp-traps and mist-nets to capture bats for species identification.In total,we recorded 32 species of bats representing 14 genera and 5 families,including 4 species of Pteropodidae,12 species of Vespertilionidae,5 species of Hipposideridae,and 11 species of Rhinolophidae.The families Vespertilionidae and Rhinolophidae had the highest species diversity while species of the Rhinolophidae had the highest activity intensity.All 32 species of bats were Oriental in distribution,but some species of Vespertilionidae and Rhinolophidae also occupy the Tibetan area of the Palaearctic,indicating that bat species distribution transitioned from subtropical to tropical in this area.Temperature was the key factor affecting bat activity intensity and the intra-annual distribution of species diversity.Tropical bats showed stronger relationships between their activity levels and seasonal variations in temperature than did other bats.During the dry season,species of the Hipposideridae showed migratory behavior,which altered local species diversity.
作者
曹慧
杨建波
鲁建美
AliceC.HUGHES
CAO Hui;YANG Jianbo;LU Jianmei;Alice C.HUGHES(Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Mongla,666303,China;Center for Integrative Conservation,Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Mongla,666303,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China)
出处
《野生动物学报》
北大核心
2021年第1期98-105,共8页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE
基金
国家自然科学基金(U1602265)
中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项资助(XDA20050202)。
关键词
热带地区
蝙蝠
物种多样性
活动强度
季节变化
Tropical area
Bats
Species diversity
Activity intensity
Seasonal variation
