摘要
目的调查承德地区碘摄入现状,分析碘盐与甲状腺疾病的关系。方法2018年1—12月分层整群抽样抽取承德地区1000例常驻居民进行甲状腺检查、甲状腺功能检测、尿碘检测及问卷调查,统计受测者碘摄入情况与甲状腺疾病发病情况,并进行性别、地区间比较。结果承德地区女性亚临床甲状腺功能减退、结节性甲状腺肿、单纯性甲状腺肿、甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TGAb)阳性、甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)阳性检出率均高于男性,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。承德地区女性轻度碘缺乏、中度碘缺乏比例高于男性;城市结节性甲状腺肿、甲状腺结节检出率,轻度、中度碘缺乏比例均高于农村;农村甲状腺肿检出率,碘过量比例均高于城市;碘缺乏人群TGAb阳性率高于其他碘营养情况者,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论承德地区碘营养水平多处于碘足量,但甲状腺疾病发生率仍较高,与甲状腺疾病发生性别、碘摄入量相关。应进一步强化碘营养水平监测,加强对女性的碘摄入量的监管与城市生活人群碘摄入量的监管,从而降低甲状腺疾病发病率。
Objective To investigate the status quo of iodine intake in Chengde area,analyze the relationship between iodized salt intake and thyroid disease.Methods From January to December 2018,1000 permanent residents in Chengde area were enrolled by stratified cluster sampling,and given thyroid examination,thyroid function test,urinary iodine test and questionnaire survey.The iodine intake and thyroid disease incidence were statistically analyzed,and comparison was made in terms of gender and region.Results The detection rates of subclinical hypothyroidism,nodular goiter and simple goiter,as well as the positive rates of thyroglobulin antibody(TGAb)and thyroperoxidase antibody(TPOAb)in females in Chengde area were higher than those in males,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The proportions of mild iodine deficiency and moderate iodine deficiency in females were higher than those in males,and the differences were statistically significant.The detection rates of nodular goiter,thyroid nodules,as well as the proportions of mild iodine deficiency and moderate iodine deficiency in urban area were higher than those in rural area.The detection rate of goiter and proportion of excessive iodine in rural areas were higher than those in urban area.The positive rate of TGAb in iodine-deficient population was higher than that in populations with other iodine nutritional conditions,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The iodine nutritional level in Chengde area is mostly sufficient,but the incidence of thyroid disease is still relatively high.Sex and iodine intake are related to the occurrence of thyroid disease.The supervision of iodine nutrition level should be further strengthened,and the supervision of iodine intake of women and the iodine intake of urban people should be strengthened,so as to reduce the incidence of thyroid disease.
作者
董涛
吕博杰
于立新
DONG Tao;LYU Bo-jie;YU Li-xin(Laboratory,No.981 Hospital,Joint Service Department of People's Liberation Army,Chengde Hebei,067000,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2020年第21期2945-2948,共4页
Occupation and Health
基金
承德市科学技术研究与发展计划项目(20157075)。
