摘要
文章研究了添加植物提取物(松树液和银杏叶)对瘤胃体外发酵性能和甲烷产生的影响。试验将5头500 kg重、带有瘤胃瘘管荷斯坦奶牛作为试验瘤胃液供体,瘤胃体外发酵分为5组,对照组不添加植物提取物,T1组添加5%松树液,T2组添加5%松树70%乙醇提取物,T3组添加5%银杏叶液,T4组添加5%银杏叶70%乙醇提取物。利用实时荧光定量PCR技术对细菌、纤毛虫相关产甲烷菌、基因进行定量分析。在体外发酵特征包括甲烷、二氧化碳产量及pH和挥发性脂肪酸含量。结果:松树和银杏叶乙醇提取物较对照组显著降低了气体总量和甲烷排放量(P<0.05),而5%松树液和5%银杏叶乙醇提取物较对照组瘤胃体外发酵二氧化碳产量显著降低了31.17%和33.02%(P<0.05)。银杏叶液和银杏叶乙醇提取物组瘤胃pH较对照组显著提高了0.94%和0.79%(P<0.05),而对照组挥发性脂肪酸总量最高,较处理组分别显著提高了10.39%、11.12%、8.58%和9.62%(P<0.05)。T1组乙酸与丙酸比值最高,分别较对照组、T3和T4组显著提高2.55%、1.52%和3.08%(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,处理组瘤胃体外发酵中纤毛虫、产甲烷菌和产琥铂酸丝状杆菌的相对表达量降低了25%~49%(P<0.05)。综上所述,松树和银杏叶乙醇提取物具有抑制原生动物产甲烷的特性,具有作为反刍动物抑制甲烷生成添加剂的潜力。
The effects of plant extracts(pine and ginkgo)on in vitro fermentation performance and methane production in rumen were studied.Five 500-kg dairy cows with rumen fistulas were used as gastric juice donors for the test.The rumen in vitro fermentation was divided into five groups,the control group was not supplemented with plant extract,T1 group was supplemented with 5%pine SAP,T2 group was supplemented with 5%pine 70%ethanol extract,T3 group was supplemented with 5%ginkgo biloba 70%ethanol extract,and T4 group was supplemented with 5%ginkgo biloba 70%ethanol extract.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to quantitatively analyze bacteria,ciliate related methanogens and genes.In vitro fermentation characteristics include methane and carbon dioxide production as well as pH and volatile fatty acid content.Results:compared with the control group,the ethanol extracts of pine and ginkgo biloba significantly reduced the total amount of gas and methane emissions(P<0.05),while the ethanol extracts of 5%pine and 5%ginkgo biloba significantly reduced the co2 production from rumen fermentation by 31.17%and 33.02%(P<0.05).The rumen pH of ginkgo biloba liquor and ginkgo biloba ethanol extract group was significantly increased by 0.94%and 0.79%compared with the control group(P<0.05),while the total volatile fatty acids in the control group were the highest,increasing by 10.39%,11.12%,8.58%and 9.62%respectively compared with the treatment group(P<0.05).The ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid was the highest in T1 group,which increased by 2.55%,1.52%and 3.08%,respectively,compared with the control group,T3 and T4 group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the relative expression levels of ciliates,methanogens and platinogenes in rumen fermentation in the treatment group were reduced by 25%~49%(P<0.05).To sum up,the ethanol extracts from pine and ginkgo biloba have the characteristics of inhibiting the production of methane from the raw material,and have the potential to act as additives to inhibit the production of methane in ruminants.
作者
李涵
LI Han(Puyang Vocational and Technical College,Puyang,Henan Province 457000,China)
出处
《中国饲料》
北大核心
2020年第24期40-43,共4页
China Feed
关键词
植物提取物
瘤胃
体外发酵
甲烷
plant extract
rumen
in vitro fermentation
methane
