摘要
大数据时代的来临,使得教育数据资源成为教育领域系统变革的重要支撑,而构建完善的教育数据治理体系则是发挥教育数据价值的基础。作为美国教育数据治理典范,肯塔基州的成功经验对我国健全教育数据治理体系具有参考价值。教育数据治理体系由治理主体、治理客体以及运行机制构成。在治理主体方面,肯塔基州对教育数据治理人员分层分配相应权责,形成了决策层统领全局、管理层统筹资源、执行层落实流程、协同层聚集合力的"四级联动"机制。在治理客体方面,肯塔基州通过制定数据标准、确立收集原则、设定质量基准、加强隐私安全、完善共享机制、强化人员培训等措施,实现了对教育数据资源的高效、安全利用。在运行机制方面,形成了政策引领、多方协同、技术支持、资金保障、反馈强化的"五位一体"教育数据治理机制。借鉴肯塔基州经验,我国应通过出台有关教育数据治理的政策、指南和法规以强化顶层设计,成立教育数据治理专门机构并明晰人员权责以推动治理进程,加强对教育数据治理各环节的规范管理以确保数据质量和安全,强化人员培训并营造"数据至上"的文化氛围以提升教育数据利用效果。
With the advent of big data era,education data resources have become an important support for education reform,and the construction of a perfect education data governance system is the basis for giving play to the value of education data.As a model of education data governance framework in the United States,the experience of Kentucky has reference value to improve the education data governance system in China.Education data governance system is a complete structure composed of the subject,object and the operation mechanism between the subject and object of data governance.In terms of governance subject,Kentucky allocates the corresponding rights and responsibilities to the staff in different levels,and has built a four-level education data governance subject structure,including the executive leadership taking charge of the overall situation,the management leadership coordinating resources,the performance working-group implementing the process,and the collaborative stakeholders gathering forces.In the aspect of governance object,Kentucky use education data resources efficiently and safely by formulating data standards,establishing collection principles,setting quality benchmarks,strengthening privacy security,improving sharing mechanism,and strengthening personnel training and etc.Concerning the operating mechanism,Kentucky has constructed“Five-in-One”operation mechanism of policy leading,multiple coordination,fund guarantee and feedback reinforcement.Learning from the experience of Kentucky,China should strengthen the top-level design by introducing policies,guidelines and regulations on education data governance,set up a specialized institutions for education data governance,and clarify the rights and responsibilities of personnel to promote the governance process,strengthen the standardized management of all aspects of education data governance to ensure the quality and safety of data,and promote personnel training and create data cultural atmosphere to improve the effect of educational data utilization.
作者
王正青
但金凤
WANG Zhengqing;DAN Jinfeng(不详)
出处
《现代远程教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期77-86,共10页
Modern Distance Education Research
基金
2019年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“基于情境融合的泛在学习资源个性化推荐方法研究”(19XJA880011)。
关键词
教育数据治理
治理体系
运行机制
大数据
美国肯塔基州
Education Data Governance
Governance System
Operation Mechanism
Big Data
Kentucky of the USA
