摘要
砒砂岩区土壤侵蚀剧烈、生态环境脆弱,其复合侵蚀综合治理备受关注.以内蒙古准格尔旗二老虎沟小流域为研究对象,对该小流域不同地形位置的土壤物理性质和水分特征进行研究.结果显示:(1)土壤容重在空间上属弱变异性,变异系数为0.09,土壤含水量、吸湿水以及土壤砂粒、粉粒、黏粒的变异系数分别为0.17、0.57、0.15、0.34、0.30,均属中等变异强度.(2)不同坡向,土壤吸湿水和土壤水分变化均为阴坡>阳坡,阴阳坡土壤容重相差0.01 g/cm^3;不同坡位土壤容重为坡中最大,坡上次之,坡下最小,坡面土壤含水量从坡顶到坡下依次为11.29%、12.18%、12.27%、13.22%,土壤吸湿水从坡上到坡下依次减小且相差0.3%.方差分析显示坡向对土壤物理性质的影响不显著(P>0.05),而坡位对土壤吸湿水、容重、黏粒和植被种类都产生显著影响(P<0.05).(3)土壤物理性质在沟头和沟口变化相对稳定,而上中游位置变化相对活跃.土壤容重、吸湿水和黏粒在不同断面上具有显著差异(P<0.05).(4)相关分析表明土壤物理性质和植被盖度及植被种类之间相关性明显.综上所述,砒砂岩区不同地形位置土壤物理性质呈现不同的变化特征,结果可为评价当地的土壤性质以及合理利用土壤资源提供科学依据.
The soil erosion in the Pisha sandstone area is dramatic,and the ecological environment is fragile.The comprehensive management of composite erosion in this area has attracted great attention.In this study,the small watershed in the tiger II gully of Zhungeer Banner,Inner Mongolia,was chosen as the research object,and the soil physical properties and water characteristics of different topographical locations in the small watershed were studied.The results showed that(1)the soil bulk density was weakly variable in space with a coefficient of variation of 0.09.The coefficients of variation of the soil water content,hygroscopic water,and soil gravel,silt,and clay particles were 0.17,0.57,0.15,0.34,and 0.30,respectively,which is medium variation intensity.(2)The soil hygroscopic water and soil water content changes in the different slope directions were shady slope>sun slope.The soil bulk density differed by 0.01 g/cm3 between the shady and sun slopes;the soil bulk density at different slope positions was the largest at the central part of the slope,followed by the upper part of the slope;the lower part of the slope had the smallest density.The soil water content on the slope was 11.29%,12.18%,12.27%,and 13.22%from the top to the lower part of the slope.The soil hygroscopic water decreased from the upper part to the lower part of the slope,with a difference of 0.3%.The analysis of variance showed that the effect of slope direction on the soil physical properties was not significant(P>0.05),and the slope aspect had significant effects on soil hygroscopic water,bulk density,clay,and vegetation types(P<0.05).(3)The changes in soil physical properties in the ditch head and mouth were relatively stable,and the changes in the upper and middle reaches were relatively active.Soil bulk density,hygroscopic water,and clay particles were significantly different in different sections(P<0.05).(4)Correlation analysis showed that there was a clear correlation among physical indicators,vegetation coverage,and vegetation types.In summary,the physical properties of the soil in different terrain locations in the Pisha sandstone area showed different characteristics.The results provide a scientific basis for evaluating local soil properties and rationally using soil resources.
作者
赵晓雪
饶良懿
申震洲
ZHAO Xiaoxue;RAO Liangyi;SHEN Zhenzhou(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,China)
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期1359-1368,共10页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
国家重点研发计划课题“砒砂岩区复合土壤侵蚀综合治理技术”(2017YFC0504503)资助。
关键词
砒砂岩
土壤物理性质
坡位
坡向
地形位置
Pisha sandstone
soil physical property
slope position
slope aspect
terrain location
