摘要
煤层气开发引发的社会生态环境问题日益严重,识别社会生态环境风险主要影响因素及制定有效的风险防范对策,对加速煤层气产业化开发进程具有重要意义。本文先借助三角模糊数法确立综合关联矩阵,再利用DEMATEL方法对煤层气开发社会生态环境风险因素进行分析,并从中心度与原因度两个方面筛选出煤层气开发社会生态环境风险关键指标,进而结合模糊认知图模型的情景仿真、稳态值与关键指标综合重要度进一步优化以确定其核心指标,最后基于核心指标进行风险管理对策情景模拟,结果表明:①利用三角模糊数计算指标权重,并以权重比获取DEMATEL中所需关联矩阵,降低传统DEMATEL方法获取关联矩阵的难度和主观性。②基于DEMATEL中综合关联矩阵确立FCM中关联矩阵,不仅考虑到指标间的间接影响关系使FCM模型更加全面且降低FCM关联矩阵的获取难度,还可以弥补DEMATEL在确定核心指标时没有充分考虑指标重要性动态变化的缺点。③林草覆盖率、防范建设资金投入比、土壤内梅罗污染指数、机械设备可靠性、地下水主要污染因子评价标准指数、个人风险防范能力为关键指标,其中防范建设资金投入比、林草覆盖率、机械设备可靠性为核心指标,对煤层气开发社会生态环境风险管理极为重要。④对策情景模拟结果表明,(影响机理方面)核心指标主要通过生产机械化程度、拆迁安置程度、经济损失比等影响社会生态环境风险;(影响结果方面)防范建设资金投入比、林草覆盖率分别是煤层气开发前、中后期对社会生态环境风险影响最大的因素。故本文有针对性地提出煤层气开发社会生态环境风险防控的阶段性建议:煤层气开发前期应加大防范建设资金投入比,中期应注重改善开发区植被受损情况,同时提高机械设备可靠性,后期应持续稳定加大防范建设资金投入,并注重受损植被区域的恢复。
The socio-ecological environmental problem caused by the development of coalbed methane(CBM)is becoming more serious,so it is very significant for accelerating the development of CBM industrialization to identify the main influential factors of socio-ecological environmental risks and take effective risk prevention measures.Based on the triangular fuzzy number method,this paper firstly establishes a comprehensive correlation matrix.Then,the affected factors of socio-ecological environmental risks are analyzed by the DEMATEL method during the development of CBM.And then according to the aspects of centrality and causality,the key indicators are determined.Furthermore,the scenario simulation based on the FCM,the steady-state value and the comprehensive importance of key indicators,and the core indicators are selected.Finally,the scenario simulation of risk management countermeasure is done.The results show that:①The index weights are calculated by the triangular fuzzy numbers,and the correlation matrix in DEMATEL is obtained by the weight ratio,which reduces the shortcomings and the subjectivity of traditional DEMATEL method.②The correlation matrix in FCM is established based on the comprehensive correlation matrix in the above improved DEMATEL,which not only makes the FCM model more comprehensive and reduces the difficulty that the FCM correlation matrix is obtained considering the indirect influence relationship between indicators,but also makes up for the disadvantages that DEMATEL excludes during the selection of the core indexes,which are the considerations of the dynamic change of the importance of the indicators.③The rate of forestry and grass coverage,the ratio of investment in prevention and construction,the pollution index of soil Merlot,the reliability of machinery and equipment,the standard evaluation index of major pollution factors of underground water,and the ability of personal risk prevention are the key indicators,in which the rate of forestry and grass coverage,the ratio of investment in prevention and construction,and the reliability of machinery and equipment are the core indicators and are extremely important for the management of socio-ecological environmental risks during the development of coalbed methane.④The results of the scenario simulation of risk management countermeasure show that the core variables affect the socio-ecological environmental risks through such indicators as the degree of production mechanization,the degree of demolition and resettlement,and the ratio of economic loss by the influenced mechanism analysis;the ratio of investment in prevention and construction has the greatest impact on the socio-ecological environment risks in the early stage of CMB development,while the rate of forestry and grass coverage is the most important in the middle and late stages by the influenced result analysis.Therefore,this paper puts forward some corresponding stage suggestions on the prevention and control of socio-ecological environmental risks during the CMB development:in the early stage of CMB development,the ratio of investment in prevention and construction should be increased;in the middle stage,it is very important to reduce the damage of vegetation regions and to improve the reliability of machinery and equipment;in the late stage,the investment in prevention and construction should be steadily increased and the recovery of damaged vegetation areas should be focused on.
作者
薛晔
纪晓东
薛崇义
XUE Ye;JI Xiaodong;XUE Chongyi(College of Economics and Management,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan Shanxi 030024,China)
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第12期125-136,共12页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家软科学研究计划项目“山西建设国家煤层气产业化开发示范基地战略研究”(批准号:2011GXS2D017)
教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目“协同视角下农业众筹风险防范动态模式及情景模拟研究”(批准号:20YJAZH116)
山西省软科学基金项目“基于煤层气产业化开发的生态环境综合灾害风险评估及防范对策研究”(批准号:2017041025-2)
山西省高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地项目“基于煤层气产业开发的社会生态系统综合风险防范动态模式研究”(批准号:2017314)。
关键词
煤层气开发
社会生态环境风险
核心指标
情景模拟
coalbed methane development
social ecological environment risk
core indicator
scenario simulation
