摘要
中国的农业现代化应该走以小农户为主体的组织化道路,而非过度依赖通过新型农业经营主体带动小农户的单一路径。黑龙江省K村通过做实村集体统筹功能,以小农户组织化为基础开展村集体土地规模经营,为实现小农户与现代农业有机衔接提供了新的参考路径。研究发现,激活村集体统筹功能,有效组织和动员村庄精英示范规模种植,克服了规模经营前期的农地细碎化问题,带动了小农户自组织整合土地生产要素;整合体制内、外资源,统筹购置先进农机并组织农机服务队,提高了村级农业社会化服务能力,激活了村集体的服务动能;村级农业社会化服务的组织化供给,使小农户能够与现代农业社会化服务体系对接,为小农户创造了保护性发展空间。更为重要的是,以村集体为主导的农业社会化服务增强了村集体经济实力,进一步巩固了村级农业生产性公共服务供给能力,有利于构建小农户与现代农业衔接的长效机制。因此,有必要进一步探索以村级组织联合为主要形式的土地规模经营实践,充分释放村集体土地规模经营的发展潜力,并拓展形成更大范围的组织化效应。
For its agricultural modernization,China should take the way of organizing smallholders as the main body,rather than relying on the single path of driving smallholders through the new agricultural management entities.K Village of Heilongjiang Province organizes smallholders to carry out village collective land scale management through the co-ordination of village organizations,which provides a new reference path for the organic connection between smallholders and modern agriculture.It finds that,activating the co-ordination of village organizations,and effectively organizing and mobilizing the village elite to demonstrate scale planting,both help solve the problem of agricultural land fragmentation in the early stage of scale management,and drive smallholders to organize and integrate soil production factors;By integrating resources to co-ordinate the purchase of agricultural machinery and the organization of agricultural machinery service teams,we can effectively improve the agricultural socialized service ability and activate the service momentum of the village organizations;The organizational supply of agricultural socialized services enables the smallholders to connect with the modern agriculture socialization service system,creating a protective development space for smallholders.More importantly,agricultural machinery service strengthens the village collective economy strength,and further consolidates the village organization’s agricultural production public service supply ability,which is conducive to building a long-term mechanism between smallholders and modern agriculture.Therefore,it is necessary to further explore the practice of land scale management in the form of village union,fully release the development potential of village collective land scale management,and expand to form a larger scope of organizational effect.
作者
钟丽娜
吴惠芳
梁栋
ZHONG Lina;WU Huifang;LIANG Dong(不详)
出处
《南京农业大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期126-135,共10页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“小农户融入多功能农业产业链的社会学研究”(20BSH064)
中国农业大学研究生自主创新研究基金项目“土地流转背景下的农民分化问题研究”(2020XYZC01B)。
关键词
小农户
现代农业
集体统筹
规模经营
农业社会化服务
Smallholders
Modern Agriculture
Co-ordination of Village Organizations
Scale Management
Agricultural Socialization Services
