摘要
针对聚丙烯腈高易燃性且产生大量有毒气体的缺点,利用植酸铜阻燃改性聚丙烯腈。首先选取植酸与乙酸铜制备植酸铜螯合物,并利用共混法制备植酸铜/聚丙烯腈改性膜;采用燃烧测试、X射线荧光光谱仪、傅里叶红外光谱和热重分析等方法分别对改性膜的阻燃性能、元素组成、结构和热稳定性能进行研究,探讨植酸铜在聚丙烯腈膜燃烧时的阻燃机理。结果表明:当植酸铜质量分数为40%时,聚丙烯腈改性膜燃烧基本无黑烟产生,能够自熄,燃烧后形成大量残炭;傅里叶红外光谱和X射线荧光光谱仪证明阻燃元素磷和铜成功引入改性膜中,植酸铜与聚丙烯腈达到均匀共混;热重分析结果表明植酸铜改性聚丙烯腈膜的残炭率比未处理的聚丙烯腈膜的残炭率提高了17.4%,同时,改性聚丙烯腈膜热降解速率比未处理的聚丙烯腈膜下降了5.3%/min;阻燃机理为凝聚相阻燃机理,通过阻止热源扩散和可燃气体的进入抑制聚丙烯腈膜的燃烧。
Aiming at the disadvantages that polyacrylonitrile is highly flammable and usually generates a large amount of black smoke during combustion,copper phytate was used to improve flame retardant property of polyacrylonitrile.Copper phytate complex was synthesized by the reaction of phytic acid and copper acetate.Then,the copper phytate/polyacrylonitrile modified membranes were prepared via blending method.Finally,the flame resistance,elemental composition,structure,and thermal stability of modified membranes were tested by Combustion test,energy dispersive X-ray(EDXR)spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,and thermogravimetric(TG)analysis,respectively.The flame retardant mechanism was also proposed.The results indicated that when the weight amount of copper phytate was 40%,the modified membranes didn′t produce black smoke,and can achieve self-extinguishing during combustion.After combustion,the modified membranes produced a large amount of residual char.EDXR and FTIR analysis proved that flame retardant elements of phosphorus and copper were successfully introduced into the modified membranes,and copper phytate were successfully blended with polyacrylonitrile.TG analysis showed that copper phytate can effectively improve the thermal stability and char forming characteristics of polyacrylonitrile,the carbon residual rate of the copper phytate modified polyacrylonitrile membrane was 17.4%higher than that of the untreated polyacrylonitrile membrane.Meanwhile,the thermal degradation rate of modified polyacrylonitrile membrane decreased by 5.3%/min compared with that of untreated polyacrylonitrile membrane.The flame retardant mechanism belonged to a condensed phase flame retardant mechanism,which imparted flame retardancy to polyacrylonitrile by preventing heat source diffusion and the entry of flammable gases.
作者
刘晓辉
彭博
李禹墨
周祥富
LIU Xiao-hui;PENG Bo;LI Yu-mo;ZHOU Xiang-fu(School of Material Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)
出处
《天津工业大学学报》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第1期12-17,共6页
Journal of Tiangong University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0309000)
国家级“大学生创新创业训练计划项目”(201610058028)。
关键词
聚丙烯腈膜
植酸铜
抑烟
热稳定性
阻燃机理
polyacrylonitrile membrane
copper phytate
smoke suppression
thermal stability
flame retardant mechanism
