摘要
草地覆盖了大于40%的陆地面积,其生态退化问题受到了极大的关注。近年来在各个地区采取了一系列草地恢复措施,但是具体的恢复效果无从得知。从论文数据库中收集整理关于中国草地恢复的中英文文献共86篇用于Meta分析,对中国草地生物多样性和生态系统服务的恢复效果进行了定量评估。通过亚组分析,分别得到了恢复时间、恢复方法、恢复地区、草地类型和草地退化程度对恢复效果的响应,以及各生态类型对草地恢复的响应。结果表明,草地恢复措施使得退化草地得到了不同程度的恢复。恢复时间对恢复效果具有较大的影响,恢复时间越长恢复效果越好;主动的人工措施可以有效提高草地的恢复速度,但是自然恢复才能使草地恢复到接近退化前的状态;在不同的生态区域中,湿润地区草地的恢复效果相对更好;温性草地的恢复效果总体好于高寒草地;经过恢复后的中度退化草地与恢复前相比改善效果最为明显;在草地的恢复过程中,生物多样性和生态系统服务都能得到恢复,生物多样性的恢复速度快于生态系统服务。
Grassland covers more than 40%of land area,and grassland ecological degradation has attracted great attention.In recent years,a range of grassland restoration measures have been undertaken in various regions,but the specific recovery effects are undocumented.A total of 86 Chinese and English publications on grassland restoration in China were collected from a publication database for Meta-analysis,and the restoration outcomes in terms of grassland biodiversity and ecosystem services in China were quantitatively evaluated.Through sub-group analysis,the regional location,the grassland type and the degree of grassland degradation prior to the recovery activity,the recovery method,recovery time,recovery area,and the response of each ecological grassland type to the grassland recovery activity were obtained.The results show that the grassland restoration activities have had varying degrees of success in restoring degraded grassland.The recovery time has a major impact on the degree of recovery achieved.The longer the recovery time,the better the recovery effect;Active measures improve the recovery speed of degraded grassland,but natural recovery can restore the grassland to a state closer to that prior to degradation.Grassland restoration in humid regions is generally more successful than in arid regions,while the restoration of temperate grassland is generally better than that of alpine grassland.Moderately degraded grassland provides the most obvious response to improvement activity.In the process of grassland restoration,both the biodiversity and ecosystem services can be restored,but biodiversity restoration is more successful than restoration of ecosystem services.
作者
蒋翔
马建霞
JIANG Xiang;MA Jian-xia(Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resource,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Lanzhou Informa-tion Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Department of Library Information and Archives Manage-ment,School of Economics and Managements,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期14-31,共18页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0503706)
中国科学院文献情报能力建设专项(Y9290004)
国家自然科学基金(71373260)资助。
